SPARQ(s) - Scalable, Precise, And Reliable positioning of color centers for Quantum computing and simulation

量子计算将彻底改变无数的技术，包括医学研究和药物发现、安全、密码学、金融和环境研究。然而，量子计算机（量子比特）的构建模块被证明是缓慢、昂贵和复杂的制造，Ionoptika的Q-One仪器旨在使用户能够将单个离子植入诸如钻石之类的基质中，并唯一地识别离子已成功植入。少数欧洲研究实验室已经开始研究Q-One，其中包括与Ionoptika密切合作的萨里大学。然而，一个限制因素是，离子注入的本质要求离子束必须非常精确地放置并靠近要植入的基板。这意味着只能使用一种离子束系统；要实现精确和精确地植入2个或更多的离子束是不可能的，需要在距离表面等距离的位置进行定位。然而，选择一个离子束带来了妥协；每个离子束系统都以一种非常特殊的方式作用于特定的物种。例如，Q-One上最常用的离子束系统是液态金属离子枪（LMIG），它可以植入金、铒或锰等金属。然而，它将不能植入气态物种，如氮或氙。虽然这种妥协可以通过额外的资金（即购买2种工具）来克服，但价格为1英镑。每台仪器300万美元，这对大多数研究机构来说不是一个可行的解决方案。英国团队在这个项目中的目标是开发、测试和表征一种新的双源系统（**Metal** **和Gas Ion Column - MaGIC）**，用于Ionoptika的Q-One离子植入器。MaGIC将提供Q-One平台的终极技术升级。通过无缝利用液态金属和等离子体离子源，Q-One将成为第一个商业上可用的单离子注入系统，它将涵盖当前学术和工业研究水平上离子注入技术应用的全部范围。我们的德国合作者在材料开发、植入后治疗方面进行了补充工作；量子比特的表征将提供一个独特的原理证明，牢固地确立了单离子注入作为快速量子比特生产的选择方法，而Q-One作为这一国际重要技术的选择工具。

Quantum-enabled Computing is set to revolutionise a myriad of technologies including medical research and drug discovery, security, cryptography, finance and environmental research. However the building blocks of Quantum Computers (Qubits) are proving slow, expensive and complex to manufacture,**Ionoptika's** Q-One instrument is designed to enable users to implant a single ion in a substrate such as diamond, and uniquely identify that the ion has successfully implanted. Work is underway already at a small number of European research laboratories on the Q-One, including the **University of Surrey** who collaborate closely with Ionoptika.One limiting factor however, is that the very nature of ion implantation requires that the ion beam must be placed very precisely and close to the substrate to be implanted. This means that only one ion beam system can be used; it is simply impossible to achieve precise and accurate implantation of 2 or more ion beams need to be positioned equidistant from the surface.However the choice of one ion beam brings about compromises; each ion beam system works in a very specific way with particular species. For example, the most commonly used ion beam system on a Q-One is a Liquid Metal Ion Gun(LMIG) which enables implantation of metal species such as Gold, Erbium or Manganese. It will not however enable implantation of gaseous species such as nitrogen or xenon.Whilst this compromise can be overcome with additional funding (i.e. the purchase of 2 instruments), at a price point of £1\. 3 million per instrument, this is not a viable solution for most research institutes.The goal of the UK team in this project is to to develop, test and characterize a novel dual-source system ( **Metal** **and Gas Ion Column - MaGIC)** intended for use with Ionoptika's Q-One Ion Implanter. MaGIC would offer the ultimate technological upgrade of the Q-One platform. By enabling the seamless utilisation of liquid metal and plasma ion sources the Q-One will become the first commercially available single ion implanter system which will cover the entirely spectrum of current technological applications of ion implantation both at academic and industrial research level.Complementary work carried out by our German collaborators in material development , post-implant treatment; and qubit characterization will provide a unique proof of principle, firmly establishing single ion implantation as the method of choice for fast Qubit production and the Q-One as the instrument of choice for this internationally significant technique.