Differential impacts of co-occurring childhood maltreatment and long-term poly-victimization on chronic physical illnesses via inflammation: Do age at exposure and sexual orientation matter?

项目摘要/摘要 了解12岁前和12岁前共同发生的儿童期虐待的不同影响 18岁之前和青壮年之前患有身体慢性病的多个受害者是至关重要的，因为他们 深远的公共卫生和经济后果，特别是对女同性恋者、男同性恋者、 和双性恋或LGB的人。同样重要的是识别免疫机制， 受欺负激活，并思考每种受欺负类型与慢性生理疾病的关系 疾病，以及暴露于每一次受害行为的发展阶段。这样的一种 评估将扩大我们的知识，了解哪些共同发生的受害类型对特定的 慢性生物失调，让我们更好地理解受害的稳定性和可塑性 相关的生物失调。鉴于LGB个人对于每种受害类型的风险更大，并且 在健康差异的风险更大的情况下，与异性恋个人相比，LGB 个人将经历更大的受害者相关的生物失调，并随后达到更高的水平 慢性病。同样，儿童时期(12岁之前)的受害暴露通常也是 被认为对终身健康结果更糟糕。因此，该项目的总体目标是解决 三个主要目标：1)建立a)共同发生的幼年前虐待之间的关系 12，b)在18岁之前同时发生多项受害行为，以及c)在成年前共同发生多项受害行为， 以及慢性身体疾病。2)检测促炎细胞因子DNA甲基化的调节作用 C反应蛋白基因和血清炎症生物标志物(如C反应蛋白、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α)在 每种受害类型和慢性身体疾病。3)了解是否以及如何(更强与更弱 共同发生的儿童期虐待和共同发生的多发性精神障碍的生物社会过程 受害与成人健康的关系因性取向和发育阶段而异。 F32还将为应聘者提供所需的时间和培训，以巩固她现有的专业知识 成为一名独立和跨学科的研究人员。通过与经验丰富的导师进行培训，这些导师 如果是该领域的领导者，应聘者将获得1.社会基因组研究和新颖统计学方面的专业知识 分析DNA甲基化数据的方法，2.行为免疫学和免疫学知识 身体健康机制，3.深入了解性别少数群体的健康差距，如LGB 个人，以及4.社会、生物和发展领域的理论、数据和方法的整合 研究成果的领域和翻译。在这些领域和研究道德方面的培训对 完成研究目标，并为候选人成为NIH资助的研究人员做好准备 调查性少数群体中与受害有关的健康结果。

Project Summary/Abstract Understanding the differential effects of co-occurring childhood maltreatment prior to age 12 and co-occurring poly-victimization prior to age 18 and until young adulthood on physical chronic illnesses are critical due to their far-reaching public health and economic consequences, particularly for sexual minorities such as lesbian, gay, and bisexual or LGB individuals. Of equal importance is the identification of immune mechanisms that get activated by victimization and meditate the association between each victimization type and chronic physical illnesses, as well as the developmental stage during which exposure to each victimization occurs. Such an evaluation will expand our knowledge of which co-occurring victimization types are most influential for specific chronic biological dysregulation and give us a better understanding of the stability and plasticity of victimization related biological dysregulation. Given that LGB individuals are at a greater risk for each victimization type and at greater risk for health disparities, it is equally likely that compared to heterosexual individuals, LGB individuals will experience greater victimization related biological dysregulation and subsequently higher levels of chronic illnesses. Similarly, victimization exposures in childhood (before age 12) are also generally considered worse for lifelong health outcomes. Therefore, the overarching goal of this project is to address three primary aims: 1) establish the relationship between a) co-occurring childhood maltreatment prior to age 12, b) co-occurring poly-victimization until age 18, and c) co-occurring poly-victimization until young adulthood, and chronic physical illnesses. 2) Examine mediating role of DNA methylation of pro-inflammatory cytokine and CRP genes as well as serum biomarkers of inflammation (e.g. CRP, IL-6, TNF-α) as a mechanism between each victimization type, and chronic physical illnesses. 3) Understand whether and how (stronger vs. weaker associations) the biosocial processes by which co-occurring childhood maltreatment and co-occurring poly- victimization is related to adult health varies by sexual orientation and development stage. This F32 will also allow the Candidate the time and training required to build on her existing expertise required to become an independent and interdisciplinary researcher. Through training with experienced mentors who are leaders in the field, the Candidate will gain 1. expertise in social genomics research and novel statistical methods for analyzing DNA methylation data, 2. knowledge in behavioral immunology and immune mechanisms of physical health, 3. in-depth knowledge of sexual minority health disparities such as LGB individuals, and 4. integration of theory, data and methods across social, biological, and developmental domains and translation of research findings. Training in these areas and in research ethics is integral for completing the research aims, and preparing the Candidate for a career as a NIH-funded researcher investigating victimization related health outcomes among sexual minorities.