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The role of substance use trajectory on the association between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence: a gene-environment study

物质使用轨迹对儿童虐待与亲密伴侣暴力之间关系的作用：基因环境研究

基本信息

批准号：
9978031
负责人：
Aura Ankita Mishra
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-15 至 2020-07-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Abstract The objective of this research is to understand the development of substance use (SU) from adolescence to adulthood, as a mediator of the cycle of childhood maltreatment and adult intimate partner violence (IPV; perpetrating and being a victim). We also consider the potential for gene-environment interactions on this developmental pathway by creating polygenic risk scores (PRS) for SU. The interaction between co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and genetic risk for SU are not fully evaluated for SU development from adolescence to adulthood. Further, SU problems and history of childhood maltreatment are both linked to perpetrating and becoming victims of violence, particularly intimate partner violence (IPV) during adulthood. Thus, it is likely that the developmental trajectory of SU is a mediator between multiple co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and IPV perpetration or victimization. However, it is also possible that this association is influenced (e.g., moderated) by genetic predispositions for SU pathology. The present study has several practical implications. A key practical implication of this work could include efficient identification of individuals at higher and lower risk of SU and IPV based on their maltreatment exposure and genetic risk. For example, it is possible that certain combinations of specific maltreatment exposures, but not genetics, could be key risk factors for SU and IPV. If this is true, then interventions that target individuals’ behavior (i.e. SU and aggression) could be implemented. Specifically, for sub-groups with combination of maltreatment exposure that make youth most vulnerable for SU. Interventions that improve parenting practices and family functioning during childhood to reduce maltreatment exposure would be more likely to effectively reduce SU and IPV. Moreover, SU development could also be targeted to break the cycle of violence between childhood maltreatment and IPV. The genetic findings from this research contribute to the field of genetic epidemiology by proving greater insight into the biology of a complex public health problem (i.e. SU) and improve the efficacy of SU treatments.

项目摘要本研究的目的是了解从青少年到青少年的物质使用（SU）的发展，成年，作为童年虐待和成年亲密伴侣暴力循环的中介（IPV; 犯罪和成为受害者）。我们还考虑了基因与环境相互作用的可能性。通过为SU创建多基因风险评分（PRS）来评估发育途径。共同发生的相互作用儿童期虐待暴露和SU的遗传风险尚未完全评估SU的发展，从青春期到成年期此外，SU问题和童年虐待的历史都与在成年期间实施暴力并成为暴力受害者，特别是亲密伴侣暴力。因此，SU的发展轨迹可能是多个共同发生的童年之间的中介虐待暴露和IPV犯罪或受害。然而，也有可能这种关联受到影响（例如，受SU病理学遗传倾向的影响。本研究具有若干实际意义。这项工作的一个关键实际影响可能包括根据虐待情况有效识别SU和IPV风险较高和较低的个体暴露和遗传风险。例如，有可能某些特定的虐待组合暴露，而不是遗传，可能是SU和IPV的关键危险因素。如果这是真的，目标个体的行为（即SU和攻击）可以被实施。具体而言，对于具有虐待暴露的组合，使青年最容易受到SU。改善的干预措施儿童时期的父母教养方式和家庭功能，以减少虐待暴露将更多可以有效降低SU和IPV。此外，SU的发展也可以有针对性地打破循环，童年虐待和IPV之间的暴力。这项研究的遗传学发现有助于遗传流行病学领域，通过证明更深入地了解生物学的一个复杂的公共卫生问题（即， SU），并提高SU治疗的疗效。