Secreted Factors for Zebrafish Spinal Cord Regeneration

脊髓损伤引起的原发性和继发性组织损伤会永久性损害感觉和运动功能， 导致不可逆的瘫痪开发治疗和逆转脊髓损伤的疗法是一项迫切需要， 再生医学仍然是一个巨大的研究挑战。有效治疗的途径需要 分子、细胞、电刺激和工程方法的组合，并且必须由 更深入地了解脊髓组织的内在再生能力。脊髓损伤后， 神经细胞死亡和瘢痕形成抑制再生。到目前为止，为减轻 瘢痕形成和支持损伤后细胞存活和神经再生的挑战还没有克服 哺乳动物脊髓再生与哺乳动物相比，硬骨鱼斑马鱼可以形成新的神经元， 轴突，并在完全切断脊髓的麻痹性损伤后仅6至8周恢复游泳能力 线.重要的是，这些再生事件在没有大规模疤痕的情况下进行。相反，受伤后， 专门的非神经胶质细胞和其他细胞建立一个组织桥连接两个切断的末端， 在伤口上生长并重建重要的连接。鼓励关键的哺乳动物细胞采用这种 桥接行为将使哺乳动物脊髓损伤反应从瘢痕形成转变为再生， 潜在地达到足以保存组织功能的程度。这一非常理想的结果需要广泛的 了解使先天脊髓再生的分子信号。我们有生物信息学 评估了斑马鱼和小鼠脊髓损伤后转录组变化的数据集， 在成功的再生背景下优先诱导的因素将对此类事件具有指导意义。基于 根据对几种新的突变和转基因斑马鱼品系分析的初步数据，我们提出：1） 阐明诱导分泌因子在斑马鱼脊髓再生调控中的作用; 明确脊髓损伤后该因子的分子调控及作用靶点。我们的工作将提供一个 深入了解脊髓再生过程中的一个关键因素，并揭示其调控机制 机制等这些发现将指导理解和潜在操纵的方法， 人类脊髓再生的能力。

Primary and secondary tissue damage from spinal cord injury permanently impairs sensory and motor functions, causing irreversible paralysis. Developing therapies to treat and reverse spinal cord injury is an urgent need in regenerative medicine and remains an enormous research challenge. The path to an effective cure requires a combination of molecular, cellular, electrostimulatory, and engineering approaches, and must be guided by a deeper understanding of the inherent regenerative capacity of spinal cord tissue. Following spinal cord injury, nerve cell death and scar formation inhibit regeneration. To date, attempts to alleviate the negative effects of scarring and to support cell survival and nerve regrowth after injury have not overcome the challenges of mammalian spinal cord regeneration. By contrast with mammals, teleost zebrafish can form new neurons, regrow axons, and recover the ability to swim just 6 to 8 weeks after a paralyzing injury that completely severs the spinal cord. Importantly, these regenerative events proceed without massive scarring. Instead, following injury, specialized non-neural glia and other cells build a tissue bridge to connect the two severed ends, allowing axons to grow across the wound and reestablish crucial connections. Encouraging key mammalian cells to adopt this bridging behavior would shift the mammalian spinal cord injury response from scarring to regeneration, potentially to an extent sufficient to save tissue function. This highly desirable outcome requires an extensive understanding of the molecular signals that enable innate spinal cord regeneration. We have bioinformatically assessed datasets of transcriptome changes after spinal cord injury in zebrafish and mice, with the idea that factors preferentially induced in a successful context of regeneration would be instructive for such events. Based on the preliminary data from analysis of several new mutant and transgenic zebrafish strains, we propose to: 1) elucidate the roles of an induced and secreted factor in the regulation of spinal cord regeneration in zebrafish; and 2) define the molecular regulation and targets of this factor after spinal cord injury. Our work will provide an in-depth understanding of a key factor during spinal cord regeneration and reveal insights into its regulatory mechanisms. These discoveries will guide approaches for comprehending, and potentially manipulating, the capacity for human spinal cord regeneration.