COGNITIVE/LINGUISTIC FACTORS IN ACQUIRED DYSLEXIA

一项关于阅读障碍的研究计划被提出， 发生在患有局灶性脑损伤的病前识字的成年人中， 损害这些障碍（获得性诵读困难）经常伴随其他 语言症状（失语症），但有时作为孤立的缺陷发生。 获得性诵读困难是左半球皮质 脑血管意外和创伤性头部损伤损伤。的 个别的睡眠障碍患者表现出的症状被解释为 由于模型中特定处理组件的缺陷而导致 正常的阅读。有关功能子系统的信息， 在特定症状中所涉及的信息提供了合理的基础， 该项目的两个长期目标是： 参与阅读的认知过程和 针对特定症状的治疗技术。 该项目的重点是阅读系统的这一方面， 需要“读出”（或组合）声音片段（音位学）， 打印.中描述了无法执行此操作的原因 有几种类型的患者在这三个方面都有缺陷， 报道证据是审查在这里，这三个子组成部分， 语音组装操作需要完整认知/语言 在领域的能力，不是特定的阅读：1）在 分析和操纵子词汇语音所需的过程 段;和2）在语音短期（工作）记忆。三 提出了检验三种假设的可分性的方法 成分和这些认知/语言过程，并调查 它们之间的处理联系。 1.一组任务，解决每个假设的组件， 已制定相关程序，并将加以管理， 获得性阅读障碍患者，使用传统的测试方法， 对于症状之间的分离： 2.计划进行一系列“干预”研究， 共现关系的因果方向， 改变一个假设的组成部分，并观察其对 患者的症状：和假设的成分，并观察其效果 病人的症状：及 3>一个大规模的连接主义的印刷到声音的计算机模型 早期开发的转型将进一步完善， 确定子词汇单元的最佳大小的特定目标 参与打印到声音映射。

A program of research is proposed on the topic of reading disorders that occur in premorbidly-literate adults who have suffered focal brain damage. These disorders (acquired dyslexias) frequently accompany other language symptoms (aphasia), but sometimes occur as isolated deficits. Acquired dyslexias are common sequelae of left hemisphere cortical insult from cerebrovascular accident and traumatic head injury. The symptoms exhibited by individual dyslexic patients are interpreted as resulting from deficits to specific processing components within a model of normal reading. Information about the functional sub-systems that are implicated in a particular symptom provide a rational basis to approach two of the long-term goals of the project: the localization in the brain of the cognitive processes involved in reading and the development of treatment techniques for addressing specific symptoms. The project is focused on that aspect of the reading system that is required to "sound out" (or assemble) sound segments (phonology) from print. The inability to perform this operation has been described in several types of patients with deficits to each of these three have been reported. Evidence is reviewed here that these three sub-components of the phonological assembly operation require intact cognitive/linguistic abilities in domains that are not specific to reading: 1) in the processes required to analyze and manipulate sub-lexical phonological segments; and 2) in phonological short-term (working) memory. Three methods are proposed to test the separability of the three hypothesized components and these cognitive/linguistic processes, and to investigate the processing links between them. 1. A battery of tasks addressing each of the hypothesized components and related processes has been developed and will be administered to patients with acquired dyslexia, using the traditional method of testing for dissociations among symptoms: 2. A series of "intervention" studies is planned to investigate the causal direction of co-occurrence relationships by bringing about a change in one hypothesized component and observing its effect on the patient's symptoms: and hypothesized component and observing its effect on the patient's symptoms: and 3> A large-scale connectionist computer model of print-to-sound transformation, developed earlier, will be further refined with the specific goal of determining the optimal size of the sub-lexical unit that participates in print-to-sound mapping.