SPOKEN LANGUAGE PROCESSING WITHOUT AUDITION

一些严重听力受损（HI）的言语阅读者（唇读者） 连接语音的准确性水平大于80%单词 正确. 这些性能水平非常出色， 现有的语音阅读文献的特点是视觉语音 刺激是高度模糊的，而演讲者的词汇大多是 充满了同形（即，视觉上相似，但发音不同） 话 这项研究计划的长期目标是提供一个 对知觉、语言和认知过程的综合描述 潜在的视觉言语感知，并描述相似性 不同类型的人在这些过程中的差异 听觉和语言经验的结合。 为了开展这项工作，我们建议 四个相互关联的项目，将研究1）视觉语音 刺激，2）词的同源性效应，3）词的影响， 知识和词汇表征; 4）连接的影响 语音语境对单词识别的影响 将进行直接比较 在四个受试者群体中高度熟练的言语阅读者中， 听力正常者、先天性听力损失者、早发性听力损失者 听力损失和成人听力损失。 A.拟采用的方法 拟议的研究计划将适应从听觉领域 语音感知和口语单词识别。 的程度 语音阅读的结果与现有的 文学，可以得出这样的结论，演讲只是另一个 人类语言感知能力的一种表现， 经常被认为是专门为了试镜。 知识作为一种 建议研究的结果将应用于 HI儿童言语训练、言语阅读和生物旋转触觉 艾滋病 研究结果将提供有价值的规范性数据库， 各自的受试者人群，并直接应用于 构建高效的语音阅读测试。 我们的研究 HI受试者对单词的知觉和词汇表征也将 对阅读和活动有影响， 早期听力损失与语音知识高度相关， 可以通过语音阅读来获得。

Some profoundly hearing-impaired (HI) speechreaders (lipreaders) achieve levels of accuracy with connected speech that are greater than 80% words correct. These levels of performance are remarkable given that the existing speechreading literature characterizes the visual phonetic stimulus as highly ambiguous and the speechreader's lexicon as mostly filled with homophenous (i.e., visually similar but different sounding) words. The long term goal of this research program is to provide an integrated account of the perceptual, linguistic, and cognitive processes underlying visual speech perception and to characterize the similarities and differences in those processes among individuals with different types of auditory and linguistic experience. To initiate this work we propose four interrelated projects that will study 1) the visual phonetic stimulus, 2) the effects of word homophene, 3) the effects of word knowledge and lexical representation, and 4) the effects of connected speech contexts on word recognition. Direct comparisons will be made among highly proficient speechreader in four populations of subjects, those with: normal hearing, congenital hearing loss, early-onset hearing loss, and adult-onset hearing loss. Methodologies to be employed in the proposed research program will be adapted from the domains of auditory speech perception and spoken word recognition. To the extent that results form speechreading replicate similar ones in the existing literature, it may be concluded that speechreading is but another manifestation of a general human capacity for speech perception, frequently attributed exclusively to audition. Knowledge obtained as a consequence of the proposed research will have applications for the speech and language raining of HI children, speechreading and birotactile aids. Results will provide valuable normative databases for the respective subject populations and have direct application for construction of efficient speechreading tests. Our studies of the perceptual and lexical representations of words by HI subjects will also have implications for reading, and activity whose success in individuals with early hearing loss is highly related to phonological knowledge that may be acquired via speechreading.