VISUAL CONTROL OF LOCOMOTION

运动的视觉控制是基于光流检测的 在移动的观察点产生的图案。这个项目将 从光流角度继续研究航向感知及其扩展 这项研究通过考察光流对 步行时步态和姿势的控制。一套感性的 实验将解决以下悬而未决的问题：(1)影响 表面纹理、着色、3D结构和流场噪波 航向感知，(2)特定流场变量的重要性 对于平移和曲线标题的感知，以及(3) 平移时和曲线时眼球旋转的分解 有动静。第二组知觉-运动实验将尝试绘制 特定于外部方向的、依赖于相位的控制关系 光流变量以及步态和姿势的马达参数。 受试者将观看投影在 跑步机行走时半球形穹顶的运动学研究 并对动态进行监控。控制关系将使用四个工具进行测试 操纵类型：(1)光流场的突然扰动 导致步态调整，(2)流动中的连续振荡 步行时诱发姿势摆动的场，(3)质变 从一类光流模式到另一类光流模式，例如平移到 曲线运动，和(4)关系的重新安排 光流型和步态效应器。这一结果将有助于 具备运动视觉控制的基本知识，并将提供 了解知觉运动和步态障碍的基础。

The visual control of locomotion is based on the detection of Optical flow patterns produced at a moving point of observation. This project would continue research on the perception of heading from optical flow and extend this research by examining the functional significance of optical flow for the control of gait and posture during walking. One set of perceptual experiments will address outstanding questions regarding: (1) the effects of surface texture, shading, 3D structure, and flow field noise on the perception of heading, (2) the importance of specific flow field variables for perception of translational and curvilinear heading, and (3) the decomposition of eye rotation during translation and during curvilinear movement. A second set of perceptual-motor experiments will attempt to map out directionally-specific, phase-dependent control relations between optical flow variables and the motor parameters of gait and posture. Subject will view large-field optical flow displays projected in a hemispherical dome during treadmill walking, while their gait kinematics and dynamics are monitored. The control relations will be tested using four types of manipulations: (1) sudden perturbations of the optical flow field that induce adjustments in gait, (2) continuous oscillations in the flow field that induce postural sway during walking, (3) qualitative changes from one class of optical flow patterns to another, e.g. translational to curvilinear movement, and (4) rearrangement of the relationship between the optical flow pattern and the gait effectors. The results will contribute to basic knowledge about the visual control of locomotion, and will provide a basis for understanding perceptual-motor and gait disorders.