Fuel Cell Hybrid Commercial Vehicle (FCHCV)

车辆废气排放法规和政府政策正变得更加严格。在法规方面，自2014年以来，欧6对轻型乘用车和商用车一直很活跃，原始设备制造商需要在2020年前达到95克/公里的二氧化碳目标。自2015年柴油丑闻以来，政府和议会在2030年至2040年限制汽油车。为了适应新的排放法规和社会需求，原始设备制造商意识到传统技术已经不够，并在电气化动力系统上投入了大量资金。商用车行业也走上了乘用车行业的电气化道路。随着2018年该行业二氧化碳排放目标的公布，预计重型汽车很快将在欧洲受到严格的二氧化碳监管。特斯拉已经宣布了到2019年开发纯电动卡车的计划，其他传统的原始设备制造商，戴姆勒和卡特彼勒，正在研发电动商用车。雷诺从2011年开始推出电动面包车Kangoo Z.E。尽管如此，Bev渗透仍然存在瓶颈：续航里程和充电时间较短。对于商用车来说，这一点更为关键，因为对于更长的行驶里程，需要更多的电池容量，这需要更多的充电时间。与电池相比，燃料电池技术具有相对较高的能量密度，可以缓解这一问题。在这个项目中，两种动力总成概念(FCREx和FCHEV)和燃料电池类型(PEMFC和DMFC)进一步与三种不同的商用车类型--货车、公共汽车和卡车--结合在一起。通过这个项目，OEM可以找到适合不同车型的系统架构和燃料电池类型，并在满足商用车需求的同时优化零部件尺寸和控制器。项目成果不仅帮助原始设备制造商了解他们是否能够达到二氧化碳排放目标，还有助于政府预测他们是否能够达到城市的排放目标。

"Vehicle emission regulations and government policy are becoming more stringent. In terms of regulations, Euro 6 has been active for light passenger and commercial vehicles since 2014 and OEMs need to meet 95g/km CO2 target by 2020\. Since diesel scandal in 2015, government and council restrict petrol vehicles in 2030 to 2040\. In order to meet new emission regulations and social requirement, OEMs realize conventional technology is not enough and heavily invest in electrified powertrains.Commercial vehicle sector follows same electrification way as passenger car sector. Heavy-duty vehicles are soon expected to come under severe CO2 regulation in Europe as the sector's CO2 target are announced in 2018\. Tesla has announced its plan to develop pure electric truck by 2019 and other conventional OEMs, Daimler and Caterpillar, are working on an electric commercial vehicle. Renault introduces electric van, Kangoo Z.E since 2011\.Having said that, there is still bottleneck of BEV penetration: short driving range and charging time. It is more critical for commercial vehicles since for longer driving range the more battery capacity is necessary, which needs more charging time. Fuel cell technology could mitigate this problem with relatively high energy density compared to the battery. In this project, the two powertrain concepts (FCREx and FCHEV) and fuel cell types (PEMFCand DMFC) are further combined with three different commercial vehicle types -- vans, buses, and trucks. From this project, OEMs can find appropriate system architecture and fuel cell type for different vehicle type and optimize the components sizing and controller while meeting commercial vehicle requirement. The project outcomes not only help OEMs to understand whether they can meet CO2 emission target but also help the government to predict whether they can meet emission target in the city."