CNS SEROTONIN AND THE REGULATION OF PERIPHERAL GLUCOSE METABOLISM

酒精偏好和消费增加，情绪低落， 冲动性攻击被认为部分是通过减少 中枢多巴胺能（5-HT）活性。 与这一假设相一致， 某些增加中枢多巴胺能神经传递（5-HT）的药物 前体，5-HT摄取抑制剂，5-HT受体激动剂）减弱 酒精摄入，改善中毒患者的记忆功能， 改善Korsakoff精神病患者的记忆功能。 最近，一种可能的非典型葡萄糖代谢模式已经出现， 酗酒，冲动的暴力犯罪者， 肾上腺素能功能障碍。 在一群冲动的罪犯中， 是在口服葡萄糖耐量试验中发现的 观察到的 低血糖可能是由于胰岛素分泌增加。 是 相对低血糖状态或异常胰岛素水平可能 导致暴力犯罪者的暴力，攻击性行为， 中枢5-HT活性明显降低;然而，这一假设尚待证实。 更多的科学验证。 虽然适当的动物 还没有进行研究来证明因果关系 中枢5-羟色胺活性改变与异常 葡萄糖代谢，有压倒性的证据表明，适当的 葡萄糖水平通过复杂的反馈系统维持， 涉及交感肾上腺髓质系统通过葡萄糖 通过胰岛素调动肾上腺素和内分泌胰腺， 胰高血糖素分泌。

Increased alcohol preference and consumption, depressed mood, and impulsive aggression are thought to be linked in part through decreased central serotonergic (5-HT) activity. In agreement with this postulate, certain agents which increase central serotonergic neurotransmission (5-HT precursors, 5-HT uptake inhibitors, 5-HT receptor agonists) attenuate ethanol intake, improve memory function in intoxicated patients, and may improve memory functions in patients with Korsakoff's psychosis. Recently, a possible pattern of atypical glucose metabolism has emerged in alcohol abusing, impulsive violent offenders with apparent central serotonergic dysfunction. In a group of impulsive offenders, hypoglycemia was noted during an oral glucose tolerance test. The observed hypoglycemia was possibly due to increased insulin secretion. It is possible that a relative hypoglycemic state or abnormal insulin levels may contribute to violent, aggressive behavior in violent offenders with apparently reduced central 5-HT activity; however, this hypothesis awaits substantially more scientific verification. Although appropriate animal studies have not been performed which demonstrate a cause and effect relationship between altered central serotonin activity and abnormal glucose metabolism, there is overwhelming evidence that appropriate glucose levels are maintained through a complex feedback system which involves the sympathoadrenalmedullary system through the glucose mobilizing hormone epinephrine and the endocrine pancreas via insulin and glucagon secretion.