Raspberry Auxin Soil/Subtrate Protectant (RASP)

致病疫霉是导致爱尔兰马铃薯大饥荒的病原体，今天已有170多种疫霉在全球范围内引起作物疾病，给商业作物行业造成了数十亿美元的损失。英国的水果工业和树莓尤其受到疫霉根腐病(PRR)的严重打击，田间产量减少了80%，导致以盆栽为基础的短期工业[][0]得到了大量水果进口的支持。控制感染和传播的方法受到当前立法的限制，这些立法限制了预防性杀菌剂的使用，并增加了基于寄主抗性、生长介质和浇水的新控制方法的重要性。_Rubi_和_P.Fragariae_是通过植物繁殖、生长介质和人工林水流传播的PRR。控制生长介质的物理、化学和生物特性有可能在抑制PRR方面发挥关键作用。商业植物生长基质可以专门设计，以满足作物在营养需求、水分管理和种植者偏好方面的个人需求。控制生长介质的物理、化学和生物特性可以产生更强大、更健康的根和植物系统，同时还可以限制和积极抑制有害根部病原体的生长和传播，如PRR。以前在生长基质中加入了特定的添加剂，以控制和预防其他根部病原体和害虫，如藤条象甲、镰刀菌属。和腐霉属(Pythium_spp.)JHI最近的一项研究发现，在抗PRR的树莓植株中，当受到P.Rubi_的攻击时，会触发多种反应，其中包括一种可能提高植物对PRR抗性的机制。通过操纵这些植物衍生的化学信号可以改善生长介质，这些化学信号通常是在抗病品种受到病原菌攻击时诱导的，以提高感病品种的免疫能力。利用基因表达、遗传标记和荧光病原菌培养等分子方法，我们可以在不同生长基质配方的根区环境中跟踪病害的发展。本项目开发的创新范围的生长基质添加剂将刺激树莓根系生长信号，在控制灌溉制度下改善根系，其次积极抑制根部病原菌的生长和传播。建立与病原菌早期检测和PRR传播控制相结合的最佳树莓生长条件，将改变树莓的农学，最大限度地提高产量，并确保英国软果业的应用于世界各地的其他作物。

_Phytophthora infestans_ is the pathogen that caused the Great Irish Potato Famine and today over 170 described species of _Phytophthora_ cause crop disease on a global scale, costing commercial crop industries billions of dollars. The UK fruit industry and raspberry particularly has been decimated by _Phytophthora_ root rot (PRR) with an 80% reduction in field production leading to a smaller pot based short term industry[][0] supported by extensive fruit imports. Methods to control infection and spread are limited by current legislation that limit the use of prophylactic fungicides and increase the importance of novel control methods based on host resistance, growing media and watering. _Phytophthora_ _rubi_ and _P. fragariae_ are PRRs which spread through plant propagation, growth media and water flow in plantations. Manipulating the physical, chemical and biological properties of the growth medium has the potential to play a key role in inhibiting PRR. Commercial plant growth substrates can be designed specifically to meet a crops individual needs with regards to nutrient requirement, water management and grower preferences. Manipulating the growing media's physical, chemical and biological properties can lead to a stronger healthier root and plant system, while also limiting and actively suppressing the growth and spread of harmful root pathogens, such as PRR. Specific additives have previously been incorporated into growing media to control and prevent other root pathogens and pests such as Vine Weevil, _Fusarium_ spp. and _Pythium_ spp. A recent JHI study identified multiple responses triggered in a PRR resistant raspberry plant upon challenge with _P._ _rubi_, including a mechanism, which has the potential to improve a plants resistance to PRR. The growth medium can be improved by the manipulation of these plant-derived chemical signals that are normally induced upon pathogen challenge in resistant cultivars, to boost the immune capabilities of susceptible cultivars. Using molecular methods such as gene expression, genetic markers and fluorescent pathogen cultures we can track disease development in the root-zone environment in different growing media substrate formulations. The innovative range of growth substrate additives developed in this project will stimulate raspberry root growth signal to improve the root system under a controlled irrigation regime and secondly actively inhibit the growth and spread of root pathogens. Establishment of optimal raspberry growing conditions integrated with early pathogen detection and control of PRR spread will transform raspberry agronomy, maximising yield and securing the UK soft fruit industry with application to other crops worldwide.[0]: #_msocom_1