PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR PSYCHOSIS PREVENTION

该项目正在开发认知的信息处理模型 有严重精神病风险的个体的异常，一旦 这些模式得到了充分的发展，打算制定预防措施 减少恶化风险的干预措施。的具体目标 该项目继续保持不变： 1)完善识别老年人的客观心理生理标准 面临严重精神病风险的青少年和青壮年。 2)对高危受试者的临床特征，根据 诊断性访谈，并探索任何已经存在的精神病理学 临床和心理生理现象的协变性。 3)发展和检验微妙信息加工理论 这些科目的异常，为认知发展做准备 针对这些异常情况的定向预防性干预措施。 以制定预防性干预措施为目标，本项目 试图整合对高危个人的几个方面的研究 治疗精神分裂症和严重的情绪障碍。在接下来的项目期内 我们将强调(A)在定向反应方面存在公认的缺陷 (或)和(B)基本信息处理缺陷，特别是 强调竞赛的事件相关脑电位(ERP)测量 在对注意资源的认知过程中。这项研究 集中于对受试者认知缺陷的统一理解 面临严重精神变态的风险。 五组非患者(快感缺乏症，知觉畸变者， 恶劣心境、循环心境、对照)将通过两种方式进行研究：结构化 认知过程中的临床访谈和心理生理记录 任务。 迄今为止的重要结果包括几个有趣的自主神经和中枢神经系统 (事件相关电位)定位反应关系，异常感觉门控证据 在ERP中的P50成分中，显著增强了ERP中的N200 通过筛选问卷或诊断性访谈定义的群体， 并显著降低两组ERP中的P300。 我们提出了一个心理生理学发现的理论整合。 对于这些高危人群来说。我们希望跟进这些调查结果 对这些群体的进一步研究，强调定向、感官 与认知资源分配相关的门控和P300效应 困难。

The project is developing information processing models of cognitive anomalies in individuals at risk for severe psychopathology and, once those models are adequately developed, intends to develop preventive interventions to reduce the risk of deterioration. The specific aims of the project continue unchanged: 1) To refine objective psychophysiological criteria for identifying older adolescents and young adults at risk for severe psychopathology. 2) To characterize the high-risk subjects clinically, on the basis of a diagnostic interview, and to explore any psychopathology already present and the covariation of clinical and psychophysiological phenomena. 3) To develop and test theories of subtle information processing abnormalities in these subjects, preparatory to developing cognitively oriented preventive interventions targeted at those abnormalities. With the goal of developing preventive interventions, the present project attempts to integrate several aspects of research on individuals at risk for schizophrenia and sever mood disorder. In the coming project period we will emphasize (a) well established deficits in the orienting response (OR) and (b) basic information processing deficits, particularly emphasizing event-related brain potential (ERP) measures of competition among cognitive processes for attentional resources. This research converges on a unified understanding of cognitive deficits in subjects at risk for severe psychopathology. Five groups of nonpatients (anhedonics, perceptual aberrators, dysthymics, cyclothymics, controls) will be studied in 2 ways: structured clinical interview and psychophysiological recording during cognitive tasks. Important results to date include several interesting autonomic and CNS (ERP) orienting response relationships, unusual sensory gating evidenced in the P50 component in the ERP, significantly enhanced N200 in the ERP of groups defined by screening questionnaires or by diagnostic interview, and significantly reduced P300 in the ERP of two groups. We propose a theoretical integration of the psychophysiological findings for these at-risk groups. We wish to follow up these findings with further studies of these groups, emphasizing the orienting, sensory gating, and P300 effects associated with cognitive resource allocation difficulties.