MATERNITY LEAVE & HEALTH: PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS

这是一项研究产假变量影响的建议 (雇主的选择和妇女的决定)和其他心理社会因素 关于妇女的健康(身体、精神和社会)。 随机抽样600名成年女性，预计将在一家大型医院分娩 威斯康星州密尔沃基的一家医院和他们的丈夫/伴侣 四次访谈：(1)怀孕5个月期间：(2)1次 产后1个月；(3)复工后1个月； 婴儿出生后的第二年。父亲们将分别接受采访。 母婴互动将在第二、三、四次录制。 产假变量包括妇女对何时返回的决定 工作，无论是全职还是兼职，从事相同或不同的工作； 和用人单位；S对假期长短、工作保障和 薪酬/福利。健康状况分为身体健康、精神健康和 社交组件。身体健康将通过客观和 主观衡量。心理健康包括抑郁症和 焦虑。社会健康包括母亲的素质；S的关系 有父亲和婴儿，有社会支持， 被女性用来满足工具和情感需求。 为了利用这些丰富的纵向数据，各种 将使用多元统计技术，包括多个 回归和结构方程建模(使用LISREL VI)， 开发纵向因果模型，通过以下方式阐明途径 哪些产假选择和决定加上关键的心理社会因素 与女性的身体、心理和社会健康有关 家人。有了这个模型，无数的具体问题就可以 地址。例如，可能会假设返回到 没有足够的时间进行身体恢复或没有时间进行 当被给予额外的压力时，向为人父母的心理社会过渡 工作和家庭角色之间的紧张关系将面临各种各样的风险 身体和心理问题，以及日益恶化的家庭 两性关系。简而言之，这项研究将调查产妇 妇女的休假经历及其对她们健康和家庭的影响。

This is a proposal to study the effect of maternity leave variables (employer's options and women's decisions) and other psychosocial factors on women's health (physical, mental, and social). A random sample of 600 adult women expected to deliver babies at a major hospital in Milwaukee, WI, and their husbands/partners will be interviewed four times: (1) during the fifth month of pregnancy: (2) one month after delivery; (3) one month after return to work: and (4) one year after the baby's birth. Fathers will be interviewed separately. Mother-infant interactions will be videotaped at Times 2,3, and 4. Maternity leave variables include women's decisions about when to return to work and whether full-or part time, and to the same or different job; and employer;s options on length of leave, job-guarantee, and pay/benefits. health status is differentiated into physical, mental, and social components. Physical health will be assessed by objective and subjective measures. Mental health includes measures of depression and anxiety. Social health includes the quality of the mother;s relationship with the father and the infant, and the social supports available to and utilized by the women for instrumental and emotional needs. In order to exploit these rich, longitudinal data, a variety of multivariate statistical technique will be used, including multiple regression and structural equation modelling (using LISREL VI), to develop a longitudinal causal model that clarifies the avenues through which maternity leave options and decisions plus key psychosocial factors are linked to the physical, mental, and social health of women and families. With the model, a myriad of specific questions can be addressed. for example, it might be hypothesized that women who return to work without sufficient time for physical recovery or the time to make the psychosocial transition to parenthood, when given the added stress of the tension between work and family roles, will be at risk for a variety of physical and psychological problems, as well as deteriorating family relationships. In short, this research will investigate the maternity leave experiences for women and its impact on their health and families.