MATERNAL DEPRESSION EFFECTS ON CHILD OUTCOME

这项拟议的研究旨在检查 在前瞻性的背景下，母亲抑郁和儿童结局， 915名1981年至1984年出生的儿童的纵向队列 位于澳大利亚昆士兰州的母婴医院。先前 收集的数据来自对每一位母亲的采访 怀孕期间，分娩后三至四天，六个月后 分娩，当她的孩子五岁的时候。数据也是 关于儿童在年龄阶段的发展和认知状况 通过直接体检和测试测量的五种。跟进 数据将通过与Mater队列的访谈收集 母亲、父亲和孩子，以及发给老师的问卷 当孩子15岁的时候。 我们将检验以下关于这一关系的假设 母亲抑郁与儿童结局的关系：(1)母亲抑郁的严重程度 抑郁发作将预测后代的社交、行为水平 以及情绪功能和子女的年龄诊断结果 15；(2)母亲抑郁发作的严重性和长期性 相互作用以预测后代的社交、行为和情感水平 15岁时的功能和后代诊断结果；(3)严重 在子代非常早期发生的母性抑郁水平 童年或在后代的青春期将与 15岁时特定类型行为问题的升高；(4) 假设1至3将被支持，即使当社会人口统计 母亲的婚姻状况和家庭的社会经济地位等因素 控制；(5)母性人格障碍，父性 精神病，婚姻冲突，亲子关系受损， 有压力的生活事件和儿童的身体健康问题将调解 母亲抑郁与子女结局的关系；(6)高 自尊、卓越的认知能力和始终如一的人际关系 与父亲有关的因素(即保护性因素)将与积极相关 对于那些母亲患有抑郁症的孩子的结果。

The proposed study is designed to examine the relationship between maternal depression and child outcome in the context of a prospective, longitudinal cohort of 915 children born between 1981 and 1984 at the Mater Misericordiae Mother's Hospital in Queensland, Australia. Previously collected data are available from interviews with each mother conducted during pregnancy, three to four days after delivery, six months after delivery, and when her child was five years of age. Data are also available on the developmental and cognitive status of the child at age five as measured by direct physical examination and testing. Follow-up data will be collected from the Mater cohort through interviews with the mother, father and child, and from questionnaires given to the teacher when the child is 15 years of age. We will examine the following hypotheses concerning the relationship between maternal depression and child outcome: (1) Severity of maternal depressive episodes will predict level of offspring's social, behavioral and emotional functioning as well as offspring diagnostic outcomes at age 15; (2) Severity and chronicity of maternal depressive episodes will interact to predict to level of offspring social, behavioral and emotional functioning as well as offspring diagnostic outcomes at age 15; (3) Severe levels of maternal depression that occur during the offspring's very early childhood or during the offspring's adolescence will be related to elevations in specific types of behavioral problems at age 15; (4) Hypotheses 1 through 3 will be supported even when social demographic factors such as mother's marital status and family socioeconomic status are controlled; (5) Maternal personality disorder, paternal psychopathology, marital conflict, impaired parent-child relations, stressful life events, and child physical health problems will mediate the relationship between maternal depression and child outcome; and (6) High self esteem, superior cognitive abilities and consistent relationships with fathers (i.e., protective factors) will be related to positive outcomes for those children whose mothers are depressed.