DRUG ABUSING WOMEN AND THEIR YOUNG CHILDREN

这项研究的目的是为了更好地了解母子关系的本质 母亲吸毒成瘾的二元关系。 而 相当大的努力一直致力于研究的发展， 产前暴露于药物滥用的儿童，很少考虑 这些儿童出生后所面临的风险， 这是一个吸毒的母亲所生的。 我们的假设是 母子关系的质量将与 母性精神病理学 特别是，我们预测， 反社会和相关的人格障碍会导致不平衡的 母亲对孩子的描述， 敌对的父母，这反过来又反映在孩子的不安全感， 依恋和强制性的干涉风格。 我们预测， 在没有人格障碍的情况下，抑郁症与 更微妙的脱离与孩子互动的模式。 对150名吸毒妇女及其30至60个月大的婴儿进行了抽样调查， 孩子们，我们计划记录母亲的心理平衡程度， Zeanah's Working Model of the Child（Zeanah的儿童工作模式） 采访），母亲对养育子女的看法（Bavolek的 成人-青少年育儿量表），和实际母亲的质量- 在不同关系主题的情境中的儿童互动 （附件，教学，社会化，附件，并参与共享 例行公事 交互的不同方面将是使用 Crittenden的学前依恋评估，母子项目 教学量表、亲子观察指南和事件编码， 审查产妇控制和儿童遵守规定的程序。 我们计划 评估母亲目前和一生的DMS-IV精神病诊断 使用SCID和SCID-11访谈以及他们目前的自我报告， 症状自评量表SCL-90-R 在探讨主要假设时，我们还将考虑一个 其他变量系统可能是孕产妇死亡的决定因素 精神病理学或非最佳父母信念和行为。 这些 变量包括母亲的早期护理史;母亲的病史 身体和性虐待;母亲目前的心理社会压力; 以及母亲目前的社会支持系统

The goal of this study is to better understand the nature of mother-child relationships in dyads where the mother is drug addicted. While considerable effort has been devoted to studying the development of children exposed prenatally to drugs of abuse, little consideration has been given to the risks faced by these children after birth as a consequence of being born to a drug-using mother. Our hypothesis is that the quality of mother-child relationships will be closely related to maternal psychopathology. In particular, we predict that maternal antisocial and related personality disorder will result in unbalanced maternal representations of the child and in insensitive, intrusive, hostile parenting which in turn is reflected in the children's insecure attachments and coercive interactional styles. We predict that maternal depression--in the absence of personality disorder--will be related to more subtle patterns of disengagement from interaction with the child. With a sample of 150 drug-using women and their 30- to 60-month-old children, we plan to document the degree of balance in the mothers' mental representations of their children (Zeanah's Working Model of the Child Interview), the mothers' views about parenting and children (Bavolek's Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory), and the quality of actual mother- child interaction in situations that tap different relationship themes (attachment, teaching, socialization, attachment, and engagement in shared routines. Different aspects of the interaction will be rates using Crittenden's Preschool Assessment of Attachment, the Mother-Child Project teaching scales, the Parent Child Observation Guide and event coding to examine processes of maternal control and child compliance. We plan to assess the mothers' current and lifetime DMS-IV psychiatric diagnoses using the SCID and SCID-11 interviews and their current self-reported symptoms using the SCL-90-R. In exploring the major hypotheses we will also give consideration to a system of other variables that might be determinants of maternal psychopathology or non-optimal parental beliefs and behavior. These variables include the mother's history of early care; the mother's history of physical and sexual abuse; the mother's current psychosocial stressors; and the mother's current social support system.