SMOKING CUES EFFECTS ON PROCESSING OF ALCOHOL STIMULI

酒精水平和烟草使用之间的联系很好。 有记录在案。酗酒者和酒精依赖者更有可能 吸烟吸烟和吸烟比轻度到中度饮酒者更频繁。 事实上，许多研究表明，尼古丁依赖是一种 酗酒者在治疗中非常常见的共病情况。使用 越来越多的证据表明，重油对健康的有害影响 随着这些物质的使用，人们对设计 可能同时针对酒精的治疗和预防策略 还有烟草。然而，交叉添加的治疗和预防是有限的， 这是因为人们对其背后的机制知之甚少 这些物质的联合使用。 本提案涉及从信息中得出的假设 关于物质使用的相互影响的处理模型 与物质有关的线索。根据这一观点，在反复合作的情况下 当同时使用两种物质时，一种物质的提示可能有助于 从而激活作为使用另一个的基础的存储器表示 使相关物质的使用更有可能和/或更强烈。使用 尼古丁依赖重度社交饮酒者的样本，目前的建议 研究吸烟线索可能激活或激发记忆的假说 调节酒精使用的结构。通过对Stroop的修改 在颜色命名任务中，提出了两项实验研究来考察： (1)吸烟线索对酒精认知加工的影响-- 相关信息，(2)先前和同时吸烟线索的影响 关于饮酒行为，以及(3)认知加工之间的联系 烟酒相互作用和饮酒行为的测量 有吸烟的迹象。该项目的成果将提供一个 更清楚地了解烟草的持续使用可能会对 试图控制酒精的使用。此外，它还将为 旨在开发综合认知评估的研究计划 以及同时存在的酒精和尼古丁依赖的治疗方法。

The association between levels of alcohol and tobacco use is well documented. Heavy drinkers and alcohol dependent subjects are more likely to smoke and smoke more frequently than light to moderate drinkers. Indeed a number of studies have suggested that nicotine dependence is an extremely common co-morbid condition for alcoholics in treatment. With mounting evidence of the deleterious health effects of heavy concurrent use of these substances, there has been increasing interest in devising treatment and prevention strategies that may simultaneously target alcohol and tobacco. Cross addition treatment and prevention is limited, however, by the fact that little is known about the mechanisms underlying the combined use of these substances. The present proposal addresses hypotheses derived from information processing models of substance use regarding the reciprocal influences of substance related cues. According to this view, with repeated co- occurrent use of two substances, cues for one substance may serve to activate memory representations underlying the use of the other thereby making associated substance use more likely and/or more intense. Using a sample of nicotine dependent heavy social drinkers, the current proposal investigates the hypothesis that smoking cues may activate or prime memory structures that mediate alcohol use. Through modifications of the Stroop color naming task, two experimental studies are proposed to investigate: (1) the influence of smoking cues on cognitive processing of alcohol- related information, (2) the effects of prior and concurrent smoking cues on drinking behavior, and (3) the association between cognitive processing measures of alcohol-tobacco interactions and drinking behavior in the presence of smoking cues. The results of this project will provide a clearer understanding of how the continued use of tobacco may influence attempts to control alcohol use. Moreover, it will provide the basis for a research program which seeks to develop integrative cognitive assessment and treatment approaches for concurrent alcohol and nicotine dependence.