CONDITIONING RELATED NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE IN NEOCORTEX

这些研究的长期目标是在感官上定义 皮质，皮质下的不同生理作用 神经递质/神经调质(神经递质)系统 以弥漫性方式投射到新皮质(即乙酰胆碱(ACh)， 去甲肾上腺素(NE)、5-羟色胺和多巴胺)；拟议的研究将 关注与条件反射相关的ACh和NE的释放模式 听觉皮质。这些研究应被视为初步研究； 然而，来自拟议实验的数据应该有助于提供 了解相关认知和记忆改变的基础 与年龄和/或疾病相关的神经递质改变 大脑皮层的功能。这些信息是理性的 阿尔茨海默病及相关治疗药物的设计 皮质神经递质功能受损的疾病。 拟议研究的具体目的是： 1.表征敏化训练的效果，联想 听觉ACh释放的条件性、消光和再发展 大脑皮层。 2.启动对条件反射相关模式(S)的研究 生物胺在大鼠听皮层中的释放。 3.提供实验室环境，用于培训 潜在的神经科学家，重点是代表性不足 少数族裔。 所有实验都将在乌拉坦麻醉的大鼠身上进行。 纯音将与奖励的内侧前脑束(MFB)配对 条件反射刺激。ACH释放将在听觉上进行采样 微透析法对MFB刺激同侧大脑皮质的分析 采用高效液相色谱法和电化学检测法。多单位神经元活动 将用低阻玻璃微电极记录。Ne会是 采用原位电化学法进行测量。

The long-term objective of these studies is to define in sensory cortex, the differential physiological roles of subcortical neurotransmitter/neuromodulator (neurotransmitter) systems which project in a diffuse manner to neocortex (i.e. acetylcholine (ACh), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin and dopamine); the proposed studies will focus on the pattern of conditioning-related ACh and NE release in auditory cortex. These studies should be viewed as preliminary; however, data from the proposed experiments should aid in providing a basis for understanding the cognitive and memory alterations associated with age- and/or disease-related alterations of neurotransmitter function in cortex. Such information is prerequisite to the rational design of therapeutic agents for use in Alzheimer's Disease and related disorders where cortical neurotransmitter function is compromised. The specific aims of the proposed studies are to: 1. Characterize the effect of sensitization training, associative conditioning, extinction and re-development on ACh release in auditory cortex. 2. Initiate studies to determine the pattern(s) of conditioning-related release of biogenic amines in rat auditory cortex. 3. Provide a laboratory environment to be used in the training of potential neuroscientists, with an emphasis on under-represented minorities. All experiments will be conducted in the urethane anesthetized rat. Pure tones will be paired with rewarding medial forebrain bundle (MFB) stimulation for conditioning. ACh release will be sampled in auditory cortex ipsilateral to MFB stimulation with microdialysis and analyzed with HPLC and electrochemical detection. Multi-unit neuronal activity will be recorded with low resistance glass microelectrodes. NE will be measured using in-situ electrochemistry.