CHANGING AIDS RISK BEHAVIOR IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

美国高中生艾滋病危险行为发生率很高 在这一人群中发现了艾滋病毒。尽管如此，还是有 在高中环境中几乎没有干预措施，实际上 在方法论上，在积极的研究中证明了显著的效果 关于大学生艾滋病危险行为的研究。本提案适用于以下信息-- 动机--行为技能(IMB)模型与自然意见领袖 艾滋病危险行为改变(NOL)模型的设计、实施和 严格评估有望降低艾滋病风险的新干预措施 高中生的行为特点。IMB模型假设艾滋病 预防行为是学生艾滋病风险水平的函数 减少信息、动机和行为技能。IMB模型- 在高中健康课上提供的基于干预的方法将尝试 为了弥补这些元素在经验上的缺陷， 提高学生预防艾滋病的行为。NOL模型 假设如果受欢迎有吸引力，自然意见领袖(NOL)在一个 高中生采取预防立场，社会规范-与 尊重艾滋病的预防行为将发生变化，艾滋病的预防将 增加。在NOL方法中，除了从事预防之外 在学校与朋友和熟人的互动，高中NOL 还将向朋友和朋友传达关键的艾滋病预防信息 并教他们关键的行为技巧。补充 IMB-和基于NOL模型的干预，IMB/NOL组合模型- 基于干预，整合两种模式的元素，将是 以确定这两种方法的组合优势 导致最大的艾滋病危险行为改变。IMB和NOL都是 模型已经成功地用于改变其他人的艾滋病危险行为 人口，两者似乎都很容易修改以供高中使用 而且有令人信服的理由相信 这两个模型(及其集成)在这方面的应用 人口可以产生有效、容易实施和容易的 通过传播干预改变高中学生的艾滋病危险行为 设置。 拟议研究的具体目标1涉及进行启发 对多种族高中的学生进行的识别缺陷的研究 在减少艾滋病风险的信息、动机和行为技能方面 与这一人群中的艾滋病危险行为有关。这些 调查结果将部分用于确定IMB、NOL、 并结合基于IMB/NOL模型的干预。为了进一步提供 基于IMB/NOL组合模型的NOL设计指南 干预、启发研究将重点放在确定 利用NOL改变艾滋病的生态有效策略 预防社会规范并传授关键信息和行为 与同事进行非正式互动的技能。具体目标2涉及 设计、试行和实施IMB、NOL以及IMB/NOL组合 在多种族高中广泛开展基于模式的干预 设置。具体目标3涉及实施干预结果 研究评估三种干预措施的效果，当比较时 没有治疗控制，跨越多个直接和间接指标 预防艾滋病的行为。

U.S. high school students engage in very high rates of AIDS risk behavior and HIV has been found in this population. Despite this, there have been exceedingly few interventions in high school settings that have actually demonstrated, in methodologically, vigorous research, significant effects on students' AIDS risk behavior. This proposal applies the Information-- Motivation--Behavioral Skills (IMB) model and the Natural Opinion Leader (NOL) model of AIDS risk behavior change to design, implement, and rigorously evaluate promising new interventions to reduce AIDS risk behavior in high school students. The IMB model assumes that AIDS preventive behavior is a function of students' levels of AIDS risk reduction information, motivation, and behavioral skills. An IMB model- based intervention delivered in high school health classes will attempt to remediate empirically identified deficits in these elements in students to increase their AIDS preventive behavior. The NOL model assumes that if popular attractive, natural opinion leaders (NOLs) in a high school population take a proprevention stance, social norms-with respect to AIDS preventive behavior will change, and AIDS prevention will increase. In the NOL approach, in addition to engaging in proprevention interactions with friends and acquaintances at school, high school NOLs will also communicate key AIDS prevention information to friends and acquaintances and teach them key behavioral skills. Complementing the IMB- and the NOL-model-based interventions, a combined IMB/NOL model- based intervention, integrating the elements of both models, will be delivered to determine if the combined strengths of these two approaches result in the greatest AIDS risk behavior change. Both the IMB and NOL models have been successfully used to change AIDS risk behavior in other populations, both seem easy to modify for use with a high school population and there are compelling reasons to believe that the application of these two models (and their integration) in this population may produce effective, easily implemented, and easily disseminated interventions to change AIDS risk behavior in high school settings. Specific Aim 1 of the proposed research involves conducting elicitation research with students in multiracial high schools to identify deficits in AIDS risk reduction information, motivation, and behavioral skills that are associated with AIDS risk behavior in this population. These findings will be used in part to determine the content of the IMB, NOL, and combined IMB/NOL model-based interventions. To provide further guidance for the design of the NOL and combined IMB/NOL model-based interventions, elicitation research will focus on identifying ecologically valid strategies for NOLs to employ to change AIDS prevention social norms and to impart key information and behavioral skills in informal interactions with peers. Specific Aim 2 involves designing, piloting and implementing the IMB, NOL, and combined IMB/NOL model-based interventions on a wide scale in multiracial high school settings. Specific Aim 3 involves conducting intervention outcome research to assess the efficacy of the three interventions, when compared with no treatment controls, across multiple direct and indirect indicants of AIDS preventive behavior.