AGING EFFECTS ON MEMORY FOR SOURCE OF INFORMATION

与年轻人相比，老年人不仅有困难 记住信息的内容，但他们在 记住来源(例如，说话者，时间或空间上下文， 形态)的信息。本项目研究与年龄有关的问题。 源监控判断与记忆的差异 指定来源的属性。这项工作是由源头监测指导的 框架(Johnson、Hstroudi和Lindsay，1993)和一般记忆模型 (Johnson，1992；Johnson&Chalfonte，1994；Johnson&Hirst，1993) 识别复杂记忆的相关特征并描述中心 编码和源代码监控流程。建议的实验评估 记忆某些特征的相对可用性，潜在的年龄 在将特征绑定到复杂记忆上的差异，以及 不同类型的记忆信息的贡献(例如， 知觉、语境和认知操作)与年龄差异有关 记住来源。我们还检查了年龄缺陷在记忆方面是否存在缺陷 来源与记忆内容方面的缺陷无关，并评估 变量的影响(例如，重复、特定的功能组合 受限制、功能之间的潜在混乱量、延迟) 内容和来源。最后，我们考察了它们之间的关系。 源记忆任务的表现和神经心理测试的敏感性 到额叶、内侧颞叶和顶叶脑区的功能障碍。这个 这些实验的发现将有助于描述年龄的性质-- 在形成和记忆复杂事件方面的相关差异。此外， 从实证研究中产生的数据和理论观点将 为开发年龄的计算机模拟模型提供约束 关于复杂事物的编码、复活和来源判断的差异 回忆。制定识别和量化的评估程序 来源监测缺陷，将其与其他指数(如 额叶系统缺陷测试)，并开发临床治疗方法 处理这种赤字的技术，将从更多的 来源监测情况的具体特征和相关 内存属性和进程。

Compared to younger adults, older adults not only have difficulty remembering the content of information, but they also have problems in remembering the source (e.g., speaker, temporal or spatial context, modality) of information. The present project examines age-related differences in making source monitoring judgments and in remembering source-specifying attributes. The work is guided by a source monitoring framework (Johnson, Hastroudi, & Lindsay, 1993) and general memory model (Johnson, 1992; Johnson & Chalfonte, 1994; Johnson & Hirst, 1993) that identify relevant features of complex memories and describe central encoding and source monitoring processes. The proposed experiments assess the relative availability of certain features of memories, potential age differences in the binding of features into complex memories, and the contribution of different types of remembered information (e.g., perceptual, contextual and cognitive operations) to age differences in remembering source. We also examine whether age deficits in remembering source are dissociated from deficits in remembering content, and assess the impact of variables (e.g., repetition, specific combinations of features to be bound, amount of potential confusion among features, delay) on memory for content and source. Finally, we investigate the relations between performance on source memory tasks and neuropsychological tests sensitive to dysfunction in frontal, medial-temporal, and parietal brain regions. The findings from these experiments will help characterize the nature of age- related differences in forming and remembering complex events. Furthermore, the data and theoretical ideas generated from the empirical studies will provide constraints for developing a computer simulation model of age differences in encoding, reviving and making source judgments about complex memories. Devising assessment procedures for identifying and quantifying source monitoring deficits, correlating them with other indices (such as tests for frontal system deficits), and developing clinical remedial techniques for dealing with such deficits, will benefit from a more specific characterization of source monitoring situations and relevant memory attributes and processes.