THEORY OF MIND DEFICITS IN ADULT STROKE PATIENTS

描述：(改编自《调查员摘要》)：建议 研究探讨权利传播问题的性质 大脑半球(RHD)和前额叶损伤(PFD)患者。这些患者 众所周知，团体在话语方面表现出困难。成功 沟通有赖于理解他人的观点、信仰和 动机。研究人员之前的工作表明，其他风湿性心脏病 病人在确定一个人的信仰方面有困难 另一个人的信仰(心理理论缺陷)，并倾向于避免 内部特质解释了倾向于外部解释的行为 (归因缺陷)。这项拟议的研究将(1)检查患者的 心理理论和对比我们更复杂的任务的归因缺陷 以及(2)确定赤字是特定的还是部分的 在中心连贯性和/或执行职能方面出现更广泛的赤字。 中央连贯性缺陷可能导致心理缺陷/内在化缺陷 因为心理理论和归因任务要求一个人 在不同信息的基础上对他人进行推断。 执行功能缺陷可能会导致这类任务的困难，因为 任务需要在推断或假设状态的基础上作出响应 而不是具体的、可观察的现实。中央连贯性将受到考验 通过阅读理解测试；通过阅读理解测试实现执行功能 河内任务塔。此外，还将使用控制任务来比较 病人根据他们的能力做出心理推断的能力 做一些身体上的。如果意念化/内在化的问题是具体的， 患者应该在控制任务中表现得更好。如果他们是普通的， 患者在测试和控制任务中的表现都应该很差。建议数 框架将有助于澄清社交和沟通的性质 已知的缺陷会影响风湿性心脏病和PFD患者。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Investigator's Abstract): The proposed research investigates the nature of communication problems in right hemisphere (RHD) and prefrontal damaged (PFD) patients. These patient groups are known to exhibit difficulty with discourse. Successful communication rests on understanding others' perspectives, beliefs and motivations. the investigators' previous work suggests that other RHD patients have problems in determining what one's person believes about another person's beliefs (theory of mind deficits) and tend to avoid internal trait accounts for behavior in favor of external explanations (attribution deficits). The proposed research will (1) examine patients' theory of mind and attribution deficits on more complex tasks than we have used so far, and (2) determine whether the deficit is specific or part of a broader deficit in either central coherence and/or executive function. Central coherence deficits could lead to mentalizing/internalizing deficits because theory of mind and attribution tasks require that one make inferences about others on the basis of disparate pieces of information. Executive function deficits could lead to difficulties on such tasks because the tasks require responding on the basis of inferred or hypothetical states rather than concrete, observable reality. Central coherence will be tested by means of a reading comprehension test; executive function by means of the Tower of Hanoi task. In addition, control tasks will be used to compare patients' abilities to make mentalistic inferences with their abilities to make physical ones. If problems in mentalizing/internalizing are specific, patients should perform better on control tasks. If they are general, patients should perform poorly on both test and control tasks. The proposed framework will help clarify the nature of the social and communication deficits known to affect RHD and PFD patients.