BEHAVIORAL APPROACH TODDLER BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS

在过去的十年里，对儿童气质的研究见证了一个 关于行为抑制的大量研究。但几 理论和经验来源表明，接近动机可能 有助于发展的外部化问题，这可能有 更大的社会影响，而不是内在的疾病相关 抑制。 拟议的研究打算具体侧重于 行为方法及其在早期精神病理学中的作用。 具体而言，本研究将试图（1）证明不同的 方法和抑制的性质，同时使用先前开发的 任务和因素分析法，（2）检查的稳定性， 在生命的头两年里， (3)研究接近，抑制和父母之间的联系- 报告的行为问题，以及（4）将心脏反应性与 听觉刺激和心脏迷走神经张力，测量副交感神经 影响、接近、抑制和行为问题。 将比较接近和抑制，通过 在6个月和12个月的时候， 成人感觉寻求人格结构的亚维度 在24和25个月时给药。此外，家长亦须填写 2-3岁儿童行为检查表。 据预测， 行为治疗的方法将与外化症状 副交感神经张力升高，而高水平的行为 抑制将与内化问题和低 副交感神经输入

The past decade of research in child temperament has been witness to a profusion of research regarding behavioral inhibition. However, several theoretical and empirical sources suggest that approach motivation may contribute to the development of externalizing problems, which may have greater societal implications than internalizing disorders associated with inhibition. The proposed study intends to focus specifically on behavioral approach and the role it plays in early psychopathology. Specifically, this inquiry will attempt to (1) demonstrate the distinct nature of approach and inhibition, using both a previously developed task and a factor analytic approach, (2) examine the stability of behavioral approach and inhibition through the first two years of life, (3) investigate connections between approach, inhibition and parent- reported behavior problems, and (4) relate cardiac responsivity to auditory stimuli and cardiac vagal tone, a measure of parasympathetic influence, to approach, inhibition, and behavior problems. Comparisons will be made between approach and inhibition, measured via a toy-reaching paradigm, at 6 and 12 months and a battery of tasks based on subdimensions of the adult personality construct of sensation seeking administered at 24 and 25 months. In addition, parents will complete the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 2-3. It is predicted that high levels of behavioral approach will be associated with externalizing symptoms and elevated parasympathetic tone, whereas high levels of behavioral inhibition will be associated with internalizing problems and low parasympathetic input.