DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINED ATTENTION IN INFANTS

研究的目标是发展的持续性、内生性 注意力，并与发展趋势， 持续关注并发心率（HR）变化。具体 目的是：1）研究持续的，受试者控制的注意， 婴儿从8至26周的年龄，并研究控制扫视 在心率定义的注意力过程中， 阶段，以推断神经发育系统控制 注意力集中时的眼球运动; 2）扩大 婴儿持续的、受试者控制的注意力的研究 婴儿再认记忆、看电视和物体的研究 考试和玩玩具。这项研究对于确定 正常儿童的注意力模式， 注意力模式的生理过程（HR，EEG），并可能 提供一个“模型准备”的研究儿童不规则 注意力的模式。拟议中的实验将研究婴儿 主要是在生命的第一年，但一个实验将延长 1岁和2岁儿童心率定义注意时相研究 孩子实验1将研究眼睛的特征 外周刺激定位早期运动 该年龄范围内（8，11，14周），也将研究婴儿 小于此年龄范围（5周）。实验2将检查隐蔽 2 - 6个月婴儿的注意力转移到周围 刺激，并将介绍使用EEG/ERP（事件相关- （二）研究幼儿持续注意力。实验 3、持续注意对小说、 重复刺激“将在年龄从4.5岁到2.5岁的婴儿中进行研究。 到9个月。实验4将对持续注意的研究进行扩展 看电视的婴儿（实验4）。这个实验将 将HR定义的注意力阶段研究的年龄范围扩展到 年龄较大的婴儿和学龄前早期（6个月至2岁）。它 预测1）持续注意力将显示年龄差异， 而其他注意时相则不然; 2）眼动特征 对周围刺激的ERP反应会受到显著影响 注意力状态; 3）持续的注意力，以及MR定义的 注意力阶段，将与识别记忆密切相关， 年龄较大的婴儿和学龄前早期儿童的电视观看情况 2岁（2岁以下）。

The objectives are to study the development of sustained, endogenous attention in young infants, and to relate developmental trends in sustained attention to concurrent heart rate (HR) changes. The specific aims are: 1) To study sustained, subject-controlled attention in infants from 8 to 26 weeks of age, and to study the control of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements during heart-rate-defined attention phases, in order to infer the neuro-developmental systems controlling attention-directed eye movements during attention; 2) To expand the study of sustained, subject-controlled attention in infants to the study of infant recognition memory, television watching, and object examination and toy play. This research is important in determining the patterns of attention found in normal children, relating those attention patterns to physiological processes (HR, EEG), and may provide a "model preparation" for the study of children with irregular patterns of attention. The proposed experiments will study infants primarily in the first year of life, but one experiment will extend the study of heart-rate-defined attention phases to 1 and 2 year old children. Experiment 1 will examine the characteristics of eye movements during peripheral stimulus localization at the early parts of this age range (8, 11, 14 weeks), and will also study infants younger than this age range (5 weeks). Experiment 2 will examine covert shifts of attention in infants from 2 to 6 months of age to peripheral stimuli and will introduce the use of EEG/ERP (event-related- potentials) to the study of infant sustained attention. In Experiment 3, the effect of sustained attention on the ERP response to novel and repeated stimuli' will be studied in infants ranging in age from 4.5 to 9 months. Experiment 4 will extend the study of sustained attention to infants watching television (Experiment 4). This experiment will extend the age range of the study of HR-defined attention phases to older infants and the early preschool years (6 months to 2 years). It is predicted that 1) sustained attention will show age differences, whereas other attention phases do not; 2) eye movement characteristics and ERP responses to peripheral stimuli will be significantly affected by attention status; 3) sustained attention, and the MR-defined attention phases, will be closely related to recognition memory, and television viewing in older infants and children in the early preschool years (up to age 2 years).