EGO DEPLETION PATTERNS AND SELF-CONTROL FAILURE

拟议的研究旨在改变和建立在初步研究的基础上 所有自我意志行为的证据--选择，责任， 主动性、自律性、受控流程--借鉴 非常有限的资源，很容易被自我控制或 决策。一旦耗尽，自我的这个方面就会变得 十个人不能或不愿意应付更多的要求或选择，以及 其结果可能包括被动地不愿面对决策。 以及广泛的自我控制能力的失败。被动性和 自我控制失败是许多健康和适应的核心 问题，包括上瘾，没有服用处方药， 拖拉、精疲力竭和暴饮暴食。 本提案的第一部分旨在验证和扩展 自我控制是一门资源有限的学科的初步证据 精疲力竭或疲惫。在人们实行自我控制之后，他们是 更不能在一秒钟内控制自己，看起来不相干 球体？实验室实验将检验连续的自我控制 在无关的领域努力寻找疲劳或精疲力竭的证据。 第二节从相对狭隘的关注转向 自我控制对更广泛的自我选择的关注 一般的活动。关键的理论问题是， 用于自我控制的有限资源是相同的资源或能量 自我用来做出所有的决定和选择， 主动采取行动，并承担责任。如果是这样的话，那么 能源存量确实是最核心和最重要的 自我的特征。研究计划是为了证明积极的 做出选择会损害随后的自我控制，反之亦然。 提案的第三部分阐述了一个关键的理论 围绕着自我的这一重要方面的问题。是送来的吗？ 由于失去动力而在最初的努力后的自我控制 还是有能力？我们的模型表明，自我对 通过试图节约什么能源来耗尽其监管能源 即使它在必要时可能会做出另一种努力。 因此，被动和不作为可能是战略性的，甚至是适应性的。 第四部分将探讨几个含义和应用 自我的枯竭：对自尊丧失的脆弱性 自我威胁；偏见；拖延症；暴饮暴食。

The proposed studies are designed tovarify and build on preliminary evidence that all the self's acts of volition-choice, responsibility, initiative, self-regulation, controlled processing - draw on the same very limited resource, which is easily depleted by self-control or decision-making. Once depleted, this aspect of the self is then of ten unable or disinclined to cope with furthe demands or choices, and the results may include a passive reluctance to face up to decisions as well as broad failures of self-control. Passivity and self-control failure are central to many health and adjustment problems, including addiction, failure to take prescribed medication, procrastination, burnout, and binge eating. The first section of this proposal seeks to verify and extend preliminary evidence that self-control is a limited resources subject to depletion or fatigue. After people exert self-control, are they less able to control themselves in a second, seemingly unrelated sphere? Laboratory experiments will examine successive self-control exertions in unrelated spheres for evidence of fatigue or depletion. The second section moves from the relatively narrow focus on self-control to the broader concern with the self's choice-making activity in general. The key theoretical question is whether that limited resource used for self-control is the same resource or energy that the self uses for making all its decisions and choices, for initiating action, and for taking responsibility. If so, then that stock of energy is indeed one of the most central and important features of the self. The research plan is to show that active choice-making impairs subsequent self-control, and vice versa. The third section of the proposal addresses a key theoretical question surrounding this vital aspect of the self. Is the drop in self-control after an initial exertion due to a loss of motivation or of ability? Our model suggests that the self responds to depletion of its regulatory energy by trying to conserve what energy is left, even though it could make another exertion if necessary. Passivity and inaction may thus be strategic and even adaptive. The fourth section will explore several implications and applications of the depletion of self: vulnerability to loss of self-esteem from ego threat; prejudice; procrastination; and overeating.