ENVIRONMENTAL-BEHAVIORAL INTERACTIONS AND DRUG TAKING

拟议研究重点的长期目标和具体目标 在发展与发展有关的可推广知识的基础上， 吸毒的环境和行为决定因素 由于这些过程涉及与药物有关的公共卫生问题， 依赖和滥用。 更具体地说，拟议的调查将强调实验 对强化、辨别和生理的研究 实验室灵长类滥用药物的依赖性 特别提到最常用的处方， 镇静/催眠/抗焦虑剂（例如，苯并二氮杂卓）。 两 将研究静脉内和口服给药途径， 将阐明作用机制。 还将进行调查，以确定急性和慢性 对感觉和运动功能的影响 并结合使用，以便开发适当的行为毒性数据 实验室灵长类动物的基础。 这些研究将涉及申请和 药物作用动物心理物理学评价方法的扩展 听觉和视觉的阈值和反应时间。 最后，将进行研究，探讨决定因素， 药物寻求和药物服用在人类志愿者的后果 一个持续编程的住宅实验室的背景下， 小规模社会系统的实验分析 强调喝咖啡，吸烟和大麻的使用， 这样的条件。 科学探究的这几个方面之间的相互关系 以及拟议研究的长远目标， 与药物依赖可能性和滥用倾向有关知识基础， 在一个统一的概念框架内理解， 环境/行为模型，用于整合多个交互 调查工作的重点是寻求毒品和吸毒， 公共卫生问题的关键方面。

The long-term objectives and specific aims of the proposed research focus upon the development of generalizable knowledge relevant to the environmental and behavioral determinants of drug-seeking and drug-taking as these processes bear upon public health concerns related to drug dependence and abuse. More specifically, the proposed investigations will emphasize experimental studies of the reinforcing, discriminative, and physiological dependence-producing properties of drugs of abuse in laboratory primates with particular reference to the most commonly prescribed sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic agents (e.g., benzodiazepines). Both intravenous and oral routes of administration will be studied and molecular mechanisms of action will be elucidated. Investigations will also be undertaken to determine the acute and chronic effects upon sensory and motor functions of such drugs of abuse both singly and in combination so as to develop an appropriate behavioral toxicity data base in laboratory primates. These studies will involve applications and extensions of animal psychophysical methods for assessment of drug effects upon auditory and visual thresholds and reaction times. Finally, studies will be undertaken to explore the determinants and consequences of drug-seeking and drug-taking in human volunteers within the context of a continuously programmed residential laboratory for the experimental analysis of small scale social systems with particular emphasis upon coffee drinking, cigarette smoking, and marijuana use under such conditions. The interrelationships between these several aspects of scientific inquiry and the long-term objectives of the proposed research to enhance the knowledge base relevant to drug dependence potential and abuse liability is to be understood within the unifying conceptual framework of an environmental/behavioral model for integrating the multiple interacting levels of investigative effort focused upon drug-seeking and drug-taking as critical aspects of public health concern.