Imagining Resistance through Participatory Photography: Exploring Resistance in Young People Victimised by Interpersonal and Sexual Violence

在英国和世界各地，年轻人正在经历复杂的安全保障风险，这些风险不断挑战负责保护他们安全的专业人士和政策制定者。在过去的几年里，儿童性剥削(CSE)是英国公众和政界关注的一个特别风险，在一些严重的案例审查中，年轻人经历了剥削，没有得到安全保障。专业人员继续努力找出与受CSE和其他相关问题(如犯罪剥削和帮派暴力)影响的年轻人合作的最佳方法。年轻人通常不认为自己是剥削的受害者，往往被视为对旨在帮助他们的服务的“抵触”，这一事实使保护工作变得更加复杂。虽然“抵抗”一词已被激进分子和消费者采用，并被人类学和社会学等领域的研究人员用来积极描述人们如何“反击”压迫和征服，但在直接的实践环境中，它很少被用来描述个人在人际关系中“反击”压迫的行为，尤其是对年轻人来说。为了应对研究和实践中的这一差距，“想象抵抗”项目将通过使用参与式摄影讲习班直接与抵抗的概念接触。作为一种研究方法和媒介，摄影促进了自我表达，并可能捕捉到难以用语言表达的东西。摄影还将有助于将矛盾和矛盾的情绪浮出水面，这些情绪可能是年轻人反抗经历的特征。通过使用创造性的视觉方法，想象力抵抗还将把艺术和人文视角带入一个以儿童保护和风险话语为主的领域。因此，通过“想象”抵抗，我们的目标是与年轻人一起可视化、召唤和概念化抵抗人际和性暴力的经历。该项目为期三年，将由一名艺术家和经验丰富的小组协调员主持一系列为期12周、2小时的PhotoVoice工作坊。两个总部设在伦敦的合作组织为受性剥削的年轻人提供服务，将帮助每组研讨会招募6至8名参与者(总共涉及24至36名年轻人)。青年还将参与数据分析和开发关键成果，包括他们选择的展览或面向公众的活动；照片；数字故事；以及在项目结束时旨在与不同的利益攸关方群体分享调查结果的一系列5个短片：青年、从业人员、研究人员和创意专业人员。主要项目产出将通过项目网站和大学研究中心网站提供。这些成果以及其他数据集(即实地笔记、研讨会讨论的录音记录)也将在项目完成后，经年轻人同意，通过英国数据档案馆公开提供。多学科专业人士(包括辅导员、治疗师、社会工作者、青年工作者)、为年轻人提供专业支持的慈善组织、法定机构(例如儿童服务机构)以及从事合作和参与性艺术实践以促进社会变革的创造性专业人员都有兴趣参与想象抵抗。最后，通过这个项目，我们希望弥合更大规模的抵抗压迫的社会过程和抵抗者的生活经验之间的理论鸿沟，并了解可视的、参与性的方法如何有助于改变专业实践，并围绕CSE和相关虐待形成更广泛的话语。

In the United Kingdom and throughout the world, young people are experiencing complex safeguarding risks that continually challenge professionals and policy makers tasked with keeping them safe. Over the last several years, child sexual exploitation (CSE) is one particular risk that has gained public and political attention in the UK, following a number of serious case reviews in which young people experienced exploitation and were not kept safe. Professionals continue to struggle in identifying the best approaches to working with young people affected by CSE and other related issues (e.g. such as criminal exploitation and gang violence). Safeguarding is further complicated by the fact that young people do not generally self-identify as victims of exploitation and are often viewed as being 'resistant' to services intended to help them. While 'resistance' has been a term adopted by activists and consumers, and used by researchers in fields such as anthropology and sociology to positively describe how people 'fight back' against oppression and subjugation, it is rarely used in direct practice settings to describe individual acts of 'fighting back' against oppression in relationships - particularly regarding young people. In response to this gap in research and practice, the 'Imagining Resistance' project will engage directly with the concept of resistance through the use of participatory photography workshops. As a research method and medium, photography facilitates self-expression and may capture what might be difficult to express in words. Photography will also help surface ambivalent and contradictory emotions that may characterise young peoples' experiences of resisting. Through the use of creative, visual methods, Imagining Resistance will also bring an arts and humanities perspective into a field dominated by discourses of child protection and risk. Thus by 'imagining' resistance, we aim to work towards visualising, conjuring, and conceptualising with young people what it is like to resist experiences of interpersonal and sexual violence.The project takes place over three years and will involve a series of three 12-week, 2-hour photovoice workshops facilitated by an artist and experienced group facilitator. Two London-based partner organisations that provide services to sexually exploited young people will help recruit six to eight participants for each set of workshops (involving a total of 24-36 young people in all). Young people will also be involved in data analysis and developing key outputs, including an exhibition or public-facing event of their choosing; photographs; digital stories; and a series of 5 short videos at the end of the project aimed at sharing findings with distinct groups of stakeholders: young people, practitioners, researchers, and creative professionals. Key project outputs will be available via the project website and university research centres' websites. These outputs, alongside other datasets (i.e. field notes, transcribed audio recorded workshop discussions), will also be made publicly available, with young people's consent, via the UK Data Archive after the project is complete. Imagining Resistance promises to be of interest to a range of multidisciplinary professionals (including counsellors, therapists, social workers, youth workers) to charity organisations providing specialist support to young people, statutory agencies (e.g. children's services), and creative professionals engaged in collaborative and participatory arts practices for social change. Finally, through this project we hope to close a theoretical gap between larger scale social processes of resisting oppression and the lived experience of people who resist, and understand how visual, participatory methods might help change professional practice and shape wider discourses surrounding CSE and related abuse.