Spaces of HOPE. The Hidden History of Community Led Planning in the UK

“希望的空间”将产生英国第一个持续的社区主导规划（CLP）历史，记录了人们聚集在一起关心当地环境的未来的多种和以前隐藏的方式，并探索他们的努力对当代规划和参与式场所制作方法的意义。2019年是《斯凯芬顿报告》发表50周年，该报告确立了公众参与城市规划，这是首批接受参与的公共服务之一。现有的学术研究倾向于关注公民如何影响这一确立的官方程序。然而，在这一正式体系的同时，还存在着丰富的非正式CLP历史，这一历史尚未受到系统或持续的研究。鉴于围绕城市和环境问题的社区行动的当代意义，这一差距严重限制了从过去学习公民在规划中的作用的能力。该计划将以一个包括规划师、社区艺术家和历史学家在内的多学科团队的优势为基础，通过实现三个主要目标来解决这一差距：首先，反思1969年以来中电的话语和实践的发展，以便为规划的批判性史学做出贡献。其次，揭示中华电力之前隐藏的历史，用共同创造的方法探索参与者的生活经历，以及他们对自我、地点和社区的理解是如何通过他们的行为形成的。第三，通过将这些“隐藏”的声音与参与式场所制作的当代实践进行对话，活跃辩论并产生过去与现在之间的对话。文献和档案研究将汇集分散和零碎的资料，包括我们的影响合作伙伴城乡规划协会（TCPA）的未编目档案，以及相关个人和团体的个人收藏，其中一些资料如果不尽快获得，就有可能丢失。中电的个案研究将包括草拟“民计”、兴建新社区、反对重建运动，以及采用创新的参与式规划方法。通过结合以艺术为基础的参与性方法，如记忆漫步和照片引出与口述历史访谈和研讨会，我们将探索参与的叙述，并在地方内部和地方之间产生记忆的共享。该项目将产生重大影响，利用TCPA广泛的网络，激发过去和现在之间的对话。一个项目网站，由数字人文研究所主办，但可通过TCPA网站访问，将作为一个互动的CLP“展览”，包括时间表和可下载的地图，以及一个活生生的CLP故事和资料档案。我们将举办一系列工作坊、短篇文章和在从业者活动上的演讲来引发讨论，并为有兴趣研究中电的本地团体制作可下载的指南，告诉决策者可以从这些公民行动和参与式规划的历史中学到什么。最后一个全国性的研讨会“社区主导规划：未来五十年”将促进集体讨论中电的未来。此外，我们将在3个国际学术会议上发表报告，并在城市历史、社区发展和规划领域的高质量学术期刊上发表3篇文章。最后，我们将出版一本专著，将案例研究和口述历史结合起来，探讨中华电力在英国的历史。总体而言，该项目旨在揭示这种重要的地方公民行动形式之前隐藏的历史，探索基层、基于地方的行动主义如何挑战发展建议，为地方设定替代愿景，并在此过程中重塑社区、身份和公民与地方政府的关系。

'Spaces of HOPE' will produce the first sustained history of community-led planning (CLP) in the UK documenting the diverse and previously hidden ways in which people have come together to care for the future of their local environments and exploring what their efforts mean for contemporary approaches to planning and participatory place-making. 2019 marked the 50th anniversary of the Skeffington Report which established public involvement in town planning, one of the first public services to embrace participation. Existing scholarship has tended to focus on how citizens have influenced the official processes this established. Alongside this formal system, however, runs a rich history of informal CLP, which has not been subject to systematic or sustained research. Given the contemporary significance of community action around urban and environmental issues this gap severely limits the capacity to learn from the past about the role of citizens in planning. Building on the strengths of a multidisciplinary team including planners, community artists and historians, the project will address this gap by realising three overarching objectives: Firstly, reflecting on the development of discourses and practices of CLP since 1969 in order to contribute to a critical historiography of planning. Secondly, revealing previously hidden histories of CLP, using co-creative methods to explore the lived experiences of those involved and the ways in which understandings of self, place and community have been shaped by their actions. Thirdly, enlivening debates and generating dialogue between past and present by bringing these 'hidden' voices into conversation with contemporary practices of participatory place-making. Documentary and archival research will bring together scattered and fragmentary sources, including the uncatalogued archives of our impact partner the Town and Country Planning Association (TCPA) and the personal collections of the individuals and groups involved, some of which are in danger of being lost if not captured soon. Case studies of local CLP initiatives will include the drawing up of 'People's Plans', the building of new communities, anti-redevelopment campaigns and the creation of innovative participatory planning approaches. By combining arts-based, participatory methods such as memory walks and photo elicitation with oral history interviews and workshops we will explore narratives of participation and engender the sharing of memories within and across places. The project will generate significant impact using the TCPA's extensive networks to spark dialogue between past and present. A project website, hosted by the Digital Humanities Institute but available through the TCPA site, will act as an interactive CLP 'exhibition', including timelines and downloadable maps, and a living archive of CLP stories and materials. A series of workshops, short articles and presentations at practitioner events will be used to generate discussion and we will produce downloadable guides for local groups interested in researching CLP and on what policy-makers can learn from these histories of citizen action and participatory planning. A final, national workshop "Community-Led Planning: the Next Fifty Years" will promote collective discussions on the future of CLP. In addition, we will make presentations to 3 international academic conferences and contribute 3 articles to high-quality academic journals across the fields of urban history, community development and planning. Finally, we will publish a monograph bringing case studies and oral histories together to explore the history of CLP in the UK. Overall, the project aims to uncover previously hidden histories of this important form of local citizen action, exploring how grassroots, place-based activism has challenged development proposals, set out alternative visions for places and in the process reshaped communities, identities and citizens' relations with the local state.