Examining impacts of structural racism and discrimination on Hispanic treatment differences and oral health disparities; known internally as "Smiles of Hope - Proyecto Hispanico de Esperanza" (SoPHE)

审查结构性种族主义和歧视对西班牙裔待遇差异和口腔健康差异的影响；

• 批准号: 10909478
• 负责人: STUART A GANSKY
• 金额: $ 57.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-21 至 2024-09-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10909478
• 关键词: Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Automobile Driving; Caring; Child; Childhood; Collaborations; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Dental; Dental Care; Dental caries; Discrimination; Disease; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic Population; Family; Focus Groups; Future; Health; Health Disparities Research; High Prevalence; Hispanic; Hispanic Populations; Hour; Immigrant; Incidence; Individual; Inequity; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Limited English Proficiency; Literature; Measures; Mouth Diseases; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Oral health; Outcome; Persons; Poverty; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Qualitative Methods; Qualitative Research; Quality of life; Race; Readiness; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Risk; Role; Schools; Sedation procedure; Smiling; Social Discrimination; Socioeconomic Status; Structural Racism; Text; Time; Uninsured; United States; Visit; burden of illness; cost; data repository; deprivation; ethnic minority; experience; health care service utilization; health disparity; health inequalities; hispanic community; indexing; innovation; low socioeconomic status; multidisciplinary; oral care; poor health outcome; protective factors; racial minority; residential segregation; restoration; restraint; social health determinants; therapy development; treatment and outcome

Project Summary/Abstract (30 lines of text): The Hispanic population is the largest (>18%) and fastest growing non-majority ethnic group in the United States (US), about half of whom are non-US born. Hispanic children are three times more likely to have dental caries experience than White children, impacting quality of life and school learning and readiness. Current knowledge around oral health in Hispanic populations examines individual factors such as culture and acculturation, but research regarding the effect of structural racism and discrimination (SRD) factors on oral health treatments and outcomes is lacking. Although Hispanic children have higher rates of caries, initial research shows a discrepancy between rates of preventive and dental treatments visits for White and Hispanic children. The objective of this proposal is to evaluate area-level differences in oral health treatments provided to Hispanic children compared to non-Hispanic White children as a measure of SRD on individual-level subsequent caries incidence and increment through both quantitative (secondary data analysis) and community-based qualitative methods (focus groups). Our research would be the first to assess the impact of SRD on oral health using to-be-validated ZIP code-level measures associated with racial/ethnic residential segregation. This project aims to examine differences in oral health treatments provided (e.g., prevention, restoration, restraint, sedation, extraction) to be used as an SRD measure, and impacts on oral health outcomes among Hispanic children compared to White Children using multistate longitudinal oral health datasets. Researchers will also assess ZIP code-level SRD variables (e.g., child opportunity index, racial/ethnic opportunity gap, citizenship status, and limited English proficiency percentage) as potential effect modifiers of the relationship between oral health treatments provided as an SRD measure and impacts on oral health outcomes (caries incidence) among Hispanic children. Focus groups will be conducted with Hispanic families (including immigrants, people with limited English proficiency, and non-citizens) to gain a deeper understanding of how multi-level SRD factors are experienced among adults for themselves and their children, especially relating to access to dental care, treatment options, and oral health outcomes; and which family, organizational, neighborhood, and community protective factors help people overcome SRD barriers to help optimize their oral health. This research has significant implications, as it will provide a deeper understanding of how SRD affects Hispanic oral health and identify potential protective factors that could inform intervention development to address issues related to inequities in oral care.

项目概要/摘要（30行文字）：西班牙裔人口最多（>18%） 美国 (US) 增长最快的非多数族裔群体，其中约一半是 非美国出生。西班牙裔儿童患龋齿的可能性是其他人的三倍 比白人儿童更影响生活质量以及学校学习和准备。当前的 关于西班牙裔人口口腔健康的知识检查了个人因素，例如 文化和文化适应，但有关结构性种族主义和文化影响的研究 缺乏影响口腔健康治疗和结果的歧视（SRD）因素。虽然 西班牙裔儿童的龋齿率较高，初步研究显示两者之间存在差异 白人和西班牙裔儿童的预防和牙科治疗就诊率。的目标 该提案旨在评估向西班牙裔提供的口腔健康治疗的地区差异 儿童与非西班牙裔白人儿童的比较，作为个人层面 SRD 的衡量标准 随后的龋齿发生率和增量均通过定量（二次数据分析） 基于社区的定性方法（焦点小组）。我们的研究将是第一个 使用待验证的邮政编码级措施评估 SRD 对口腔健康的影响 与种族/族裔居住隔离有关。该项目旨在研究差异 提供口腔健康治疗（例如预防、恢复、限制、镇静、拔牙） 用作 SRD 衡量标准，以及对西班牙裔儿童口腔健康结果的影响 与使用多州纵向口腔健康数据集的白人儿童相比。研究人员将 还评估邮政编码级别的 SRD 变量（例如儿童机会指数、种族/民族机会 差距、公民身份和有限的英语熟练程度）作为潜在的影响因素 作为 SRD 措施提供的口腔健康治疗与对健康的影响之间的关系 西班牙裔儿童的口腔健康结果（龋齿发生率）。焦点小组将 与西班牙裔家庭（包括移民、英语水平有限的人、 和非公民），以更深入地了解多层次 SRD 因素的作用 成年人对自己和孩子的经历，特别是在获得 牙科护理、治疗方案和口腔健康结果；以及哪个家庭、组织、 邻里和社区保护因素可帮助人们克服SRD障碍以提供帮助 优化他们的口腔健康。这项研究具有重大意义，因为它将提供更深入的研究 了解 SRD 如何影响西班牙裔口腔健康并确定潜在的保护因素 这可以为干预措施的发展提供信息，以解决与口腔护理不平等相关的问题。