Examining impacts of structural racism and discrimination on Hispanic treatment differences and oral health disparities; known internally as "Smiles of Hope - Proyecto Hispanico de Esperanza" (SoPHE)

审查结构性种族主义和歧视对西班牙裔待遇差异和口腔健康差异的影响；

• 批准号: 10909478
• 负责人: STUART A GANSKY
• 金额: $ 57.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-21 至 2024-09-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10909478
• 关键词: Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Automobile Driving; Caring; Child; Childhood; Collaborations; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Dental; Dental Care; Dental caries; Discrimination; Disease; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic Population; Family; Focus Groups; Future; Health; Health Disparities Research; High Prevalence; Hispanic; Hispanic Populations; Hour; Immigrant; Incidence; Individual; Inequity; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Limited English Proficiency; Literature; Measures; Mouth Diseases; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Oral health; Outcome; Persons; Poverty; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Qualitative Methods; Qualitative Research; Quality of life; Race; Readiness; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Risk; Role; Schools; Sedation procedure; Smiling; Social Discrimination; Socioeconomic Status; Structural Racism; Text; Time; Uninsured; United States; Visit; burden of illness; cost; data repository; deprivation; ethnic minority; experience; health care service utilization; health disparity; health inequalities; hispanic community; indexing; innovation; low socioeconomic status; multidisciplinary; oral care; poor health outcome; protective factors; racial minority; residential segregation; restoration; restraint; social health determinants; therapy development; treatment and outcome

Project Summary/Abstract (30 lines of text): The Hispanic population is the largest (>18%) and fastest growing non-majority ethnic group in the United States (US), about half of whom are non-US born. Hispanic children are three times more likely to have dental caries experience than White children, impacting quality of life and school learning and readiness. Current knowledge around oral health in Hispanic populations examines individual factors such as culture and acculturation, but research regarding the effect of structural racism and discrimination (SRD) factors on oral health treatments and outcomes is lacking. Although Hispanic children have higher rates of caries, initial research shows a discrepancy between rates of preventive and dental treatments visits for White and Hispanic children. The objective of this proposal is to evaluate area-level differences in oral health treatments provided to Hispanic children compared to non-Hispanic White children as a measure of SRD on individual-level subsequent caries incidence and increment through both quantitative (secondary data analysis) and community-based qualitative methods (focus groups). Our research would be the first to assess the impact of SRD on oral health using to-be-validated ZIP code-level measures associated with racial/ethnic residential segregation. This project aims to examine differences in oral health treatments provided (e.g., prevention, restoration, restraint, sedation, extraction) to be used as an SRD measure, and impacts on oral health outcomes among Hispanic children compared to White Children using multistate longitudinal oral health datasets. Researchers will also assess ZIP code-level SRD variables (e.g., child opportunity index, racial/ethnic opportunity gap, citizenship status, and limited English proficiency percentage) as potential effect modifiers of the relationship between oral health treatments provided as an SRD measure and impacts on oral health outcomes (caries incidence) among Hispanic children. Focus groups will be conducted with Hispanic families (including immigrants, people with limited English proficiency, and non-citizens) to gain a deeper understanding of how multi-level SRD factors are experienced among adults for themselves and their children, especially relating to access to dental care, treatment options, and oral health outcomes; and which family, organizational, neighborhood, and community protective factors help people overcome SRD barriers to help optimize their oral health. This research has significant implications, as it will provide a deeper understanding of how SRD affects Hispanic oral health and identify potential protective factors that could inform intervention development to address issues related to inequities in oral care.

项目摘要/摘要(30行文本)：拉美裔人口最多(&gt；18%) 和美国增长最快的非多数族裔群体，其中约一半是 非美国出生的。西班牙裔儿童患龋齿的可能性是其他儿童的三倍 比白人儿童更严重，影响生活质量、学校学习和准备情况。当前 西班牙裔人口中关于口腔健康的知识考察了个人因素，如 文化和文化适应，但关于结构性种族主义和 歧视(SRD)因素对口腔健康治疗和结果的影响是缺乏的。虽然 西班牙裔儿童患龋率较高，初步研究显示 白人和西班牙裔儿童的预防和牙科治疗就诊率。的目标是 该提案旨在评估提供给西班牙裔美国人的口腔健康治疗的地区差异。 儿童与非西班牙裔白人儿童在个体水平上的SRD比较 通过定量(二次数据分析)获得后续龋齿发病率和增量 和基于社区的定性方法(焦点小组)。我们的研究将是第一个 使用有待验证的邮政编码水平测量评估SRD对口腔健康的影响 与种族/民族居住隔离有关。这个项目的目的是检查 提供口腔健康治疗(如预防、恢复、约束、镇静、拔牙) 被用作SRD措施，并对西班牙裔儿童的口腔健康结果产生影响 与使用多州纵向口腔健康数据集的白人儿童进行比较。研究人员将 还要评估邮政编码级别的SRD变量(例如，儿童机会指数、种族/民族机会 差距、公民身份和有限的英语水平百分比)作为潜在的影响修饰语 作为SRD措施提供的口腔健康治疗与对 西班牙裔儿童的口腔健康结果(龋齿发生率)。焦点小组将是 与西班牙裔家庭(包括移民、英语水平有限的人、 和非公民)，以更深入地了解多水平的SRD因素 成人对他们自己和他们的孩子的体验，尤指与获得 牙科护理、治疗选择和口腔健康结果；以及哪些家庭、组织、 社区和社区保护因素帮助人们克服SRD障碍提供帮助 优化他们的口腔健康。这项研究具有重大意义，因为它将提供更深层次的 了解SRD如何影响拉美裔口腔健康并确定潜在的保护因素 这可以为制定干预措施提供信息，以解决与口腔护理不平等有关的问题。