PROBLEM DRINKING OVER TIME BY FUTURE MDS

这项研究的长期目标是勾勒出过程和 酒精相关问题的心理社会病因学研究 入会前的女性未来医生 通过住院医师培训的主要部分进行医学院培训。 建议的研究是继续进行一项医学纵向研究 目前正在接受调查的学生群体一直持续到医学专业的第三年 学校。拟议的研究将在这一组之后增加4个 积分：1)医学院最后一年，2)实习期间 在住院医师培训的第二年和第三年，第三和第四年。 在概念层面上，本研究探讨了反思的理论问题。 生命周期发展、职业压力和性别角色框架 了解饮酒行为。一些主要的假设是：1)最 在医学院期间大量饮酒和与问题有关的饮酒 住院医师培训将在实习年度进行，2)最初的 男性在酗酒和酗酒问题上的优势将逐渐减弱 在住院医师培训过程中，以及3)问题的原因 在未来的医生中，饮酒将包括预饮和饮酒 将与培训相关的“脆弱性”纳入职业培训 上下文(例如有酗酒或酗酒问题的家族史， 心理和人际关系缺陷)和源自 培训经验(例如工作超负荷和睡眠不足)。受访者 将在每个点完成自我报告问卷评估：酒精- 相关问题和消费模式、相关药物使用、症状 痛苦，医疗培训相关的压力源和社会支持，个人 生活，和心理社会资产/缺陷(控制点，自尊， 依赖性、男子气概--女性气质、社交技能和人脉以及 饮酒动机)。当前研究中测量的其他变量和 拟议研究中继续分析的重点包括 训练饮酒行为和心理社会体验。受访者将 也接受临床评估的访谈，以解决发病率和 酗酒盛行。各种多元统计技术 将被用来描述酒精问题的病因决定因素 受训医生的发病、缓解和慢性化随时间的变化。一个 最终目标包括制定针对初级和初级教育的战略。 医生对酒精相关损害的二级预防。

The long term objective of this research is to delineate the course and psychosocial etiology of alcohol-related problems in a cohort of male and female future physicians from the periods prior to the initiation of medical school training through the major portion of residency training. The proposed research is to continue a longitudinal study of a medical student cohort currently being surveyed through the third year of medical school. The proposed research will follow this group at 4 additional points: 1) in the final year of medical school, 2) during the internship year, and 3 and 4) during the second and third years of residency training. On a conceptual level, this study addresses theoretical issues reflecting life-span developmental, occupational stress and gender role frameworks for understanding drinking behavior. Some major hypotheses are: 1) The most sizable onset of heavy and problem-related drinking during medical school and residency training will occur in the internship year, 2) The initial male predominance in heavy and problem-drinking will progressively diminish over the course of residency training, and 3) the etiology of problem drinking in future physicians will consist of a combination of pre- training-related "vulnerabilities" brought into the occupational training context (eg. family history of alcoholism or problem drinking, psychological and interpersonal deficits) and stressors derived from the training experience (eg. work overload and sleep deprivation). Respondents will complete self-report questionnaires at each point assessing: alcohol- related problems and consumption patterns, related drug use, symptomatic distress, medical training-related stressors and social support, personal life, and psychosocial assets/deficits (locus of control, self esteem, dependency, masculinity-femininity, social skills and connectedness and drinking motives). Additional variables measured in the current study and the continued focus of analysis in the proposed research include pre- training drinking behaviors and psychosocial experiences. Respondents will also be interviewed with a clinical assessment of address the incidence and prevalence of alcoholism. A variety of multivariate statistical techniques will be utilized to depict the etiologic determinants of alcohol problem onset, remission and chronicity over time in physicians in training. A final goal involves the delineation of strategies aimed at the primary and secondary prevention of alcohol-related impairment in physicians.