Harassment, Cumulative Adversity and Drinking Outcomes

描述（由申请人提供）：这项对职业多样化队列进行的持续纵向研究的目的是：1）解决性骚扰（SH）和一般性工作场所骚扰（GWH）在多大程度上最有力地预测有害的饮酒结果时，与宏观层面的创伤性压力相结合的经验（与恐怖主义有关的恐惧和经历）、规范性生活过程压力源（失去工作和人际关系），以及早期儿童创伤，2）解决心理健康服务的保护作用，应对和社会支持的模式，在减轻酒精相关的后果的压力，和3）描述脆弱性（个性）和中介（心理困扰）因素之间的联系压力和饮酒的结果。我们正在进行的研究中的参与者[第4波n= 1，654;第5波预期n =1581]将在第6、7和8波进行重新调查，每隔一年。邮件调查将评估最近的SH/GWH经历，对恐怖主义的恐惧，失去工作角色和失去重要的其他人，童年创伤人格脆弱性，痛苦[抑郁，焦虑，敌意，PTSD]，应对，社会支持，健康/心理健康服务利用，以及酒精和其他物质的使用和滥用。各种多变量统计和深度访谈将被用来描绘随着时间的推移，在工作和非工作的累积压力，保护和脆弱性因素，酒精相关的结果的变化。主要目标是：1）澄清累积逆境如何随着时间的推移对饮酒产生影响，2）确定支持和心理健康服务提供者，他们可以最好地防止用酒精和其他物质自我治疗痛苦，3）澄清弱势个体获得有效干预的过程。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objectives of this continuing longitudinal study of an occupationally-diverse cohort are: 1) to address the extent to which sexual harassment (SH) and generalized workplace harassment (GWH) most powerfully predict deleterious drinking outcomes when experienced in combination with macro-level traumatic stressors (terrorism-related fears and experiences), normative life-course stressors (loss of work and interpersonal relationships), and earlier childhood traumas, 2) to address the protective effects of mental health services, modes of coping and social supports in mitigating the alcohol-related consequences of stressors, and 3) to depict vulnerability (personality) and mediating (psychological distress) factors in the linkages between stressors and drinking outcomes. Participants in our ongoing study [n=1,654 at wave 4; expected n at wave 5 =1581] will be re-surveyed at waves 6, 7, and 8, each one year apart. Mail surveys will assess recent SH/GWH experiences, fears of terrorism, loss of work roles and loss of significant others, childhood traumas personality vulnerability, distress [depression, anxiety, hostility, PTSD], coping, social supports, health/mental health service utilization, and use and abuse of alcohol and other substances. A variety of multivariate statistics and in depth interviews will be utilized to depict changes over time in work and nonwork cumulative stressors, protective and vulnerability factors, and alcohol-related outcomes. Major goals are 1) to clarify how cumulative adversity impacts on drinking over time, 2) to identify support and mental health service providers who may best prevent the self-medication of distress with alcohol and other substances and 3) to clarify processes by which vulnerable individuals obtain effective interventions.