Harassment, Cumulative Adversity and Drinking Outcomes

描述（由申请人提供）：这个职业多样化队列的持续纵向研究的目标是：1)解决性骚扰（SH）和广义工作场所骚扰（GWH）在多大程度上最有力地预测有害的饮酒结果，当经历与宏观层面的创伤压力源（恐怖主义相关的恐惧和经历），规范的生活过程压力源（失去工作和人际关系），以及早期童年创伤相结合时；2)解决心理健康服务的保护作用；缓解压力源与酒精相关后果的应对模式和社会支持，以及3)描述压力源与饮酒结果之间联系的脆弱性（个性）和中介（心理困扰）因素。我们正在进行的研究的参与者[n= 1654，第4波；第5波的预期n =1581]将在第6波、第7波和第8波重新测量，每隔一年。邮件调查将评估最近的SH/GWH经历，对恐怖主义的恐惧，失去工作角色和失去重要的他人，童年创伤人格脆弱性，痛苦[抑郁，焦虑，敌意，创伤后应激障碍]，应对，社会支持，健康/心理健康服务的利用，以及使用和滥用酒精和其他物质。将利用各种多元统计数据和深度访谈来描述工作和非工作累积压力源、保护性和脆弱性因素以及与酒精相关的结果随时间的变化。主要目标是：1)阐明长期累积的逆境是如何影响饮酒的；2)确定支持和心理健康服务提供者，他们可以最好地防止用酒精和其他物质自我治疗痛苦；3)阐明脆弱个体获得有效干预的过程。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objectives of this continuing longitudinal study of an occupationally-diverse cohort are: 1) to address the extent to which sexual harassment (SH) and generalized workplace harassment (GWH) most powerfully predict deleterious drinking outcomes when experienced in combination with macro-level traumatic stressors (terrorism-related fears and experiences), normative life-course stressors (loss of work and interpersonal relationships), and earlier childhood traumas, 2) to address the protective effects of mental health services, modes of coping and social supports in mitigating the alcohol-related consequences of stressors, and 3) to depict vulnerability (personality) and mediating (psychological distress) factors in the linkages between stressors and drinking outcomes. Participants in our ongoing study [n=1,654 at wave 4; expected n at wave 5 =1581] will be re-surveyed at waves 6, 7, and 8, each one year apart. Mail surveys will assess recent SH/GWH experiences, fears of terrorism, loss of work roles and loss of significant others, childhood traumas personality vulnerability, distress [depression, anxiety, hostility, PTSD], coping, social supports, health/mental health service utilization, and use and abuse of alcohol and other substances. A variety of multivariate statistics and in depth interviews will be utilized to depict changes over time in work and nonwork cumulative stressors, protective and vulnerability factors, and alcohol-related outcomes. Major goals are 1) to clarify how cumulative adversity impacts on drinking over time, 2) to identify support and mental health service providers who may best prevent the self-medication of distress with alcohol and other substances and 3) to clarify processes by which vulnerable individuals obtain effective interventions.