OLDER ADULTS MEMORY FOR WRITTEN MEDICAL INFORMATION

目的是确定老年人对书面医疗记录的记忆是否 可以通过使用专门设计的文本来改进信息。 承认理解书面材料涉及到 文本与读者之间的互动，与文本和读者之间的互动有关的变量， 文本的结构以及读者的先验知识将被 考虑了 以前的研究表明，以下属性的 散文材料的结构对成年人的记忆有显著影响 对于那篇散文：在内容的顶层定位主要思想 结构;逻辑关系的充分信号;放置 细节的方式不会分散老年读者对主要内容的注意力 思想;顶层结构的最佳使用。 此外，读者的先验 文章主题的知识或“图式”已经被证明会影响 准确性和记忆的信息量。 这项研究将在两个相互依存的链进行：一个是散文 一个是组织，一个是知识。 散文组织链 将被引导回答以下问题：1。可以老 成人对书面医学信息的记忆可以通过 文本变量的操作？ 和2.哪种话语类型最多 有效地传达这些信息？ 迈耶散文分析 系统将用于评估当前医疗组织 信息，并测量老年人对医疗信息的回忆 以不同的形式呈现。 研究的先验知识链 将解决以下研究问题：1。什么先验知识或 老年人对医疗条件的解释模型 学习？ 和2.这个模型如何影响新的信息 条件是后天获得的？ 这项研究预计将表明， 符合上述标准，结构为 医学和普通外行信仰的比较将是最充分和 被老年人准确地回忆起来。

The goal is to determine if older adults' memory for written medical information can be improved through the use of specially designed texts. Acknowledging that comprehension of written materials involves an interaction between the text and the reader, variables related to both the structure of the text as well as the prior knowledge of the reader will be considered. Previous research suggests that the following attributes of the structure of prose materials have significant effects on adults' memory for that prose: locating main ideas at the top levels of the content structure; adequate signaling of logical relationships; placement of details in a manner which does not distract older readers from the main ideas; optimal use of top-level structure. In addition, the reader's prior knowledge or "schema" for the topic of a passage has been shown to affect the accuracy as well as amount of information remembered. The research will be conducted in two interdependent strands: one on prose organization and one on prior knowledge. The prose organization strand will be directed toward answering the following questions: 1. Can older adults' memory for written medical information be increased through the manipulation of text variables? and 2. Which discourse type is most effective for communicating this information? The Meyer prose analysis system will be used to assess the organization of current medical information and to measure recall by older adults of medical information presented in different forms. The prior knowledge strand of the research will address the following research questions: 1. What prior knowledge or explanatory model do older adults have about the medical conditions being studied? and 2. How does this model influence how new information about the condition is acquired? This research is expected to show that texts which meet the criteria mentioned above and which are structured as a comparison of medical and common lay beliefs will be most fully and accurately recalled by older adults.