HIV INFECTION IN CHILDREN OF IV DRUG ABUSERS

我国艾滋病的发病率 儿童人数在增加，感染源通常是 母亲。大约75%感染艾滋病毒的儿童是 静脉注射吸毒者父母的子女(S)。HIV感染的诊断 然而，在新生儿和无症状婴儿中，这是一个问题，因为 所有出生于HIV血清阳性的婴儿都是被动的 转移的母体抗体可能会持续到甚至 15个月以上的。因此感染和未感染的婴儿 不能根据常规免疫学或 血清学检测。这一提议的一个假设是，艾滋病毒 受感染的婴儿有HIV特异性的B&T细胞，其特性可能 在体外被利用以使感染之间的分心 和未感染的婴儿。艾滋病毒特异性免疫的新测试(在- HIV抗体体外合成、抗体克隆模式与HIV 抗原特异性淋巴增殖)将与检测相结合 用于聚合酶链式反应、HIV病毒培养和HIV 抗原在多项试验中对这个问题的诊断方法。 在儿科人群中感染艾滋病毒会导致广泛的 临床和免疫学障碍的范围从 无症状到病情严重，形成免疫能力到严重 免疫功能受损状态。艾滋病毒攻击的主要目标系统是 免疫系统和神经系统。第二个假设是 被检验的是，疾病进展的快慢与 到最初的临床表现和实验室检查结果。 神经学和免疫学的系统研究 状况、艾滋病毒特异性免疫和艾滋病毒抗原水平将提供 对临床、病毒学和免疫学谱的洞察 这种病。这项调查的一个重要特点是 数据管理。人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的诊断能力 婴儿期和对疾病相关机制的理解 进步应该使我们更接近开发和监测 针对这种致命疾病的治疗策略。

The incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in children is increasing, the source of infection usually being the mother. Approximately 75% children with HIV infection are offspring of IV drug abuser parent(s). Diagnosis of HIV infection in newborns and asymptomatic infants is, however, a problem because all infants born to HIV seropositive woemen have passively transferred maternal antibodies which may persist up to and even beyond 15 months of age. Infected and uninfected infants thus cannot be distingushed on the basis of routine immunological or serological testing. A hypothesis of this proposal is that HIV infected infants have HIV-specific B & T cells whose properties can be exploited in-vitro to enable the distrinction between infected and uninfected infants. Novel tests of HIV-specific immunity (in- vitro HIV antibody synthesis, antibody clonotype pattern and HIV antigen specific lymphoproliferation) will be coupled with tests for the polymerase chain reaction, HIV viral cultures and HIV antigen in a multi-test diagnostic approach to this probolem. HIV infection in the pediatric population results in a wide spectrum of clinical and immunologic distrubances, ranging from asymptomatic to severely ill and form immunocompetent to severely immunocompromised status. Main target systems attacked by HIV are the immune system and the nervous system. A second hypothesis to be tested is that rapidity of disease progression is closely linked to initial clinical presentation and laboratory findings. Systematic investigations of the neurological and immunological status, HIV-specific immunity and HIV antigen levels will provide insights into the clinical, virologic and immunologic spectrum in this disease. An important feature of this investigation will be data management. The ability of diagnosing HIV infection in infancy and an understanding of the mechanisms involved in disease progression should bring us closer to developing and monitoring therapeutic strategies against this deadly disease.