BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY OF ABUSED SOLVENTS

通过吸入有机溶剂和其他挥发性物质滥用 化学品是一个重大的公共卫生问题。 之甚少 已知的类型的中毒所产生的这些 化学品，也不是所有滥用吸入剂的影响， 相似 在前几年的赠款中， 滥用吸入剂对动物产生的行为影响， 与滥用的麻醉药戊巴比妥相似 和酒精。 另一些则产生了性质不同的行为 方面的影响. 我们建议继续研究 滥用吸入剂的影响。 小鼠中的药物辨别研究 将被用作人体急性中毒效应的模型。 建议继续比较辨别性刺激 吸入剂化学品的其他类别的影响 戊巴比妥乙醇和奥沙西泮 深入开展 对那些似乎在质量上产生 与类似抑郁剂的吸入剂不同的效果， 甲苯和三氯乙烷。 这将包括进一步的研究 被滥用的挥发性亚硝酸盐 我们建议研究反- 吸入剂的焦虑影响，通过确定他们的能力，以阻止一个 基于焦虑剂戊四唑的歧视。 我们还建议进行细胞机制的研究， 吸入剂的区别性刺激效应， 选择性拮抗剂 此外，我们建议培训受试者， 将某些吸入剂与空气区分开来， 吸入效应模型。 我们还将开始描述 选定吸入剂的关键接触参数， 决定其行为效应。 最后，我们建议 调查生物可能易受吸入剂影响的情况 为了进一步验证吸入剂产生酒精的假设 通过测试菌株的敏感性差异， 酒精敏感性不同的小鼠。 总的来说，这些研究 将提供关于鼻吸剂滥用可能性的信息， 行为效应的机制。

The abuse by inhalation of organic solvents and other volatile chemicals is a significant public health problem. Very little is known about the types of intoxication produced by these chemicals nor whether the effects of all abused inhalants are similar. In previous years of this grant it was found that a number of abused inhalants produced behavioral effects in animals that were similar to those of the abused depressant drugs pentobarbital and alcohol. Others produced qualitatively different behavioral effects. We propose to continue our studies of the behavioral effects of abused inhalants. Drug discrimination studies in mice will be used as a model for acute intoxication effects in humans. It is proposed to continue to compare the discriminative stimulus effects of additional classes of inhalant chemicals to those of pentobarbital, ethanol and oxazepam. We will carry out in-depth studies of those classes which appear to produce qualitatively different effects from the depressant-like inhalants such as toluene and trichloroethane. This will include further research with the abused volatile nitrites. We propose to study the anti- anxiety effects of inhalants by determining their ability to block a discrimination based upon an anxiogenic agent, pentylenetetrazol. We also proposed to undertake studies of the cellular mechanisms for the discriminative stimulus effects of inhalants by studying selective antagonists. In addition, we propose to train subjects to discriminate certain inhalants from air to use as an additional model for inhalant effects. We will also begin to characterize the critical exposure parameters for selected inhalants that determine their behavioral effects. Lastly, we propose to investigate the possible biological vulnerability to inhalant effects and to further test our hypothesis that inhalants produce alcohol- like effects by testing for sensitivity differences in strains of mice which differ in alcohol sensitivity. Overall, these studies will provide information on the abuse potential of inhalants and on the mechanisms for their behavioral effects.