BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY OF ABUSED SOLVENTS

自愿吸入有机溶剂和其他挥发性化学品 仍然是一个严重的公共卫生问题。 知之甚少 关于这些化学品产生的中毒类型，以及 所有滥用的吸入剂的效果是否相似。 假设， 在这项拟议的研究中评估的是，一些吸入的溶剂 产生类似于中枢神经系统的急性中毒 系统抑制剂如酒精和巴比妥酸盐和/或挥发性 麻醉剂如氟烷。 辨别刺激的研究 小鼠滥用溶剂的性质将被用作急性 中毒效应。 将讨论以下问题。 做 滥用的吸入剂甲苯、1，1，1-三氯乙烷和亚硝酸异丁酯 产生类似于戊巴比妥，乙醇， 和/或氟烷，这可以解释他们的自我管理？ 做所有 滥用的溶剂和吸入的化合物具有类似的急性辨别力， 刺激效应？ 滥用吸入剂的相对效力是什么？ 通过注射和吸入给予溶剂是否会导致 不同的影响？ 什么是重要的曝光参数决定 吸入会产生溶剂效应 哪些方法最适合于 研究吸入化合物对急性行为的影响， 实验室 这些问题的答案将极大地帮助我们 了解溶剂滥用现象，并可能导致改变 预防和治疗策略。 此外，各种溶剂的比较 将有助于识别那些有严重滥用潜力的人。 最后 发现滥用溶剂、酒精 麻醉剂和经典的中枢神经系统抑制剂如巴比妥类药物将 对滥用药物的神经生物学理论有影响， 研究药物，特别是细胞机制的理论 这些化合物的作用。 因为被滥用的溶剂 对于酒精和滥用的兴奋剂，溶剂的研究可能 为汇集关于药物滥用的研究提供基础。

The voluntary inhalation of organic solvents and other vaolatile chemicals remains a significant public health problem. Very little is known concerning the type of intoxication produced by these chemicals and whether or not the effects of all abused inhalants are similar. The hypothesis to be evaluated in this proposed research is that some of the inhaled solvents produce acute intoxications similar to those produced by central nervous system depressants such as alcohol and the barbiturates and/or volatile anesthetics such as halothane. Studies of the discriminative stimulus properties of abused solvents in mice will be used as the model for acute intoxication effects. The following questions will be addressed. Do the abused inhalants toluene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and isobutyl nitrite produce discriminative stimulus effects similar to pentobarbital, ethanol, and/or halothane which may explain their self-administration? Do all abused solvents and inhaled compounds have similar acute discriminative stimulus effects? What are the relative potencies of abused inhalants? Does administration of solvents by injection and by inhalation result in different effects? What are the important exposure parameters determining solvent effects by inhalation? What methodologies are most appropriate for studying the acute behavioral effects of inhaled compounds in the laboratory. Answers to these questions will significantly help our understanding of the solvent abuse phenomenon, and may lead to altered prevention and treatment strategies. Also, comparisons of various solvents will help identify those with significant abuse potential. Finally, the discovery of commonalities in the effects of abused solvents, alcohol, anesthetics, and classical CNS depressants such as the barbiturates will have implications for theories on the neurobiology of the abuse of depressant drugs and specifically on theories for the cellular mechanisms of action for these compounds. Because abused solvents share properties with both alcohol and abused depressant drugs, studies of solvents may provide a basis for bringing together the research on substance abuse.