SALIVA FORMATION STUDIED BY MICROPROBE ANALYSIS

长期目标是了解以下几个具体方面 唾液腺功能：(1)唾液的作用机制 产生，(2)分泌物胞吐作用的机制 颗粒，以及(3)元素组成的调节机制 原子核的。 具体目标是： (1)使用电子探针技术测定元素 钠、镁、磷、S、氯、钾、钙在胞质、胞核和胞核的浓度 静息和胆碱能分泌颗粒 刺激大鼠腮腺腺泡细胞体外孵育。 (2)利用上述发现检验溶质-溶剂耦合假说。 用于唾液产生，即测试细胞内 在唾液产生的情况下，渗透压升高。 (3)利用上述发现来检验钙激活的假设， 渗透驱动的被动过程构成了潜在的机制 分泌颗粒的胞吐作用。 (4)用上述发现来检验原子核的假设。 膜对可扩散的离子是自由渗透的，而核 元素浓度变化对β-肾上腺素能更敏感 与α-肾上腺素能或胆碱能激动剂相比，阿片受体激动剂更有效。 这些发现将有助于我们理解基本的细胞 水通过上皮组织的运输过程，分泌物 外分泌腺的分泌颗粒，以及可能的机制 信号可以被提供给细胞核，以影响 核代谢，例如RNA和DNA合成率的变化。 这些概念也可能有助于我们对唾液的理解 腺体病理生理学与囊性纤维化、辐射损伤、 移植物抗宿主病和干燥综合征。

The long-term objectives are to understand several specific aspects of salivary gland function: (1) the mechanisms underlying salivary fluid production, (2) the mechanism underlying the exocytosis of secretory granules, and (3) the mechanisms which regulate the elemental composition of the nucleus. The specific aims are: (1) To use the electron microprobe technique to measure elemental concentrations of Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K and Ca in cytoplasm, nuclei and secretory granules of resting and of cholinergically and adrenergically stimulated rat parotid gland acinar cells incubated in vitro. (2) To use the above findings to test the solute-solvent coupled hypothesis for salivary fluid production, i.e. to test whether intracellular osmolarity increases under conditions of salivary fluid production. (3) To use the above findings to test the hypothesis that a Ca-activated, osmotically driven passive process constitutes the mechanism underlying the exocytosis of secretory granules. (4) To use the above findings to test the hypothesis that the nuclear membrane is freely permeable to the diffusible ions, and that the nuclear elemental concentration changes are more sensitive to Beta-adrenergic agonists than to Alpha-adrenergic or cholinergic agonists. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the basic cellular processes of water transport across epithelial tissues, secretion of secretory granules by exocrine glands, and possibly mechanisms whereby signals can be presented to the nucleus in order to effect changes in nuclear metabolism, e.g. changes in RNA and DNA synthesis rates. These concepts may also contribute to our understanding of the salivary gland pathophysiology associated with cystic fibrosis, irradiation injury, graft-versus-host disease, and Sjogren's syndrome.