STUDY OF A LOW-POTENTIAL ELECTROCHEMICAL GLUCOSE SENSOR

目标是开发一种电化学葡萄糖传感器， 能够被植入血管或细胞外空间， 用于连续体内监测糖尿病患者的血糖 水平 它的使用将消除间歇性的不便 抽取血液进行葡萄糖测定，以及控制滞后， 这是强加的。 直接的床边读数将有利于急性病例 糖尿病和这样的传感器，当与胰岛素输注泵耦合时，以及 与反馈系统接口，将完成一个 集成人工内分泌胰腺 多个泵和反馈 该系统目前正在美国进行临床评估。 人工胰腺的中心是葡萄糖传感器， 在其发展过程中落后于其他组件。 这样一个 传感器将构成临床实践和基础 糖尿病及其相关并发症的调查。 动电位研究揭示了两种新的不同的低电位氧化还原 在光滑的Pt电极处的峰，其可用于葡萄糖 甚至在人血清的超滤液中也能监测。 该反应 由于电极表面通过电化学再生， 脉动 这两个峰位于明确定义的电位：-0.72 V （阳极氧化）和-0.80 V（阴极还原）对Ag/AgCl。 这些 电位是稳定的，不随葡萄糖的增加而变化 浓度. 体外研究表明，使用该电极的电极 反应应该在高达400 mg/dl的葡萄糖水平下可操作。 具体目标是：（1）构造一个标准的、可控的几何 使用厚膜沉积技术的测试电极;（20个使用该测试电极 电极参数测试，以表征机制， （3）选择合适的伏安法条件 用于传感器的实际开发;（4）评估 在存在潜在的 可能存在于人体血液和组织中的干扰物质 流体;（5）以确定是否痕量的Pat和Ag被释放， 延长伏安法;（6）设计和构建小型化， 使用薄膜沉积技术的可植入电极阵列。

The goal is the development of an electrochemical glucose sensor which is capable of being implanted into the vascular or extracellular space of a diabetic patient for continuous in vivo monitoring of his blood sugar level. Its use would eliminate the inconvenience of intermittent withdrawal of blood for glucose assay, as well as the control lag which this imposes. A direct bedside readout would benefit the acute case of diabetes and such a sensor, when coupled with an insulin infusion pump, and interfaced with a feedback system, would complete the development of an integrated artificial endocrine pancreas. A number of pumps and feedback systems are currently under clinical evaluation in the United States. Central to the artificial pancreas is the glucose sensor which is far behind the other components in its development. The availability of such a sensor would constitute a breakthrough for both clinical practice and basic investigation of diabetes and its associated complications. Potentiodynamic studies have revealed two new distinct low-potential redox peaks at the smooth Pt electrode that can be utilized for glucose monitoring even in the ultrafiltrate of human serum. This reaction is reproducible since the electrode surface is regenerated by electrochemical pulsing. The two peaks are located at well-defined potentials: -0.72 V (anodic oxidation) and -0.80 V (cathodic reduction) vs Ag/AgCl. These potentials are stable and do not shift with increasing glucose concentration. The in vitro study has shown that an electrode using this reaction should be operable at glucose levels up to 400 mg/dl. The specific aims are: (1) to construct a standard, controlled geometry test electrode using thick film deposition technique; (20 to use this electrode in parametric tests to characterize the mechanism by which the redox peaks are generated; (3) to select the proper voltammetric conditions for the practical development of the sensor; (4) to evaluate the specificity of the peaks for glucose in the presence of potentially interfering substances which might be present in human blood and tissue fluid; (5) to determine if trace amounts of Pat and Ag are released during prolonged voltammetry; (6) to design and construct a miniaturized, implantable electrode array using thin film deposition techniques.