GCRF-BBR: Developing a hybrid bean collection to advance climate-ready bean breeding

普通豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）是人类饮食中最重要的食用豆类，为热带地区3亿人提供蛋白质、微量营养素和复合碳水化合物。气候变化情景预测，高温/干旱和病虫害将成为未来豆类生产的主要压力。与大多数主要作物一样，由于其驯化历史，栽培的普通豆缺乏遗传多样性。野生近缘种可用于引入关键特性的多样性，在某些情况下，已经成功地为豆类提供了抗病虫害的新来源。这绝不是一个简单的过程，因为从这些“广泛杂交”中生产下一代植物是困难的，这使得育种计划很难利用这些野生植物提供的机会。然而，当农民在野生种群附近种植栽培豆类时，自然会发生大面积杂交，就像从墨西哥到阿根廷的豆类自然范围一样。这些自然产生的栽培-野生杂交种群已经从中美洲和南美洲各地收集到，并储存在CIAT基因库中。我们将对来自20个杂交种群的植物进行特征描述，以确定与气候变化相关的优先育种性状，如抗病虫害、耐高温和耐旱性。我们将探索它们的基因组，并以一种可访问的方式向豆类育种和研究界提供所有这些信息，以帮助用户选择最适合他们目的的植物。我们将举办研讨会和示范，以确保育种者和研究人员意识到这一资源，并了解如何最好地利用它。通过减少将野生植物纳入豆类育种计划的障碍，我们将帮助育种者在更短的时间内生产出更好的豆类，这将对全球粮食安全产生积极影响。

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important food legume in the human diet, providing protein, micronutrients and complex carbohydrates for >300 million people in the tropics. Climate change scenarios predict that heat/drought and pests and diseases will be major pressures on bean production in the future. As with most major crops, and because of its domestication history, cultivated common bean lacks genetic diversity. Wild relatives can be used to introduce this diversity for key traits of interest, and in some cases have already been used successfully to provide novel sources of resistance to pests and diseases in beans. This is by no means an easy process, as producing the next generation of plants from these "wide crosses" is difficult, making it hard for breeding programs to make use of the opportunities offered by these wild plants. However, wide crosses occur naturally where farmers grow cultivated beans adjacent to wild populations, as happens across the natural range of beans from Mexico to Argentina. A number of these naturally occurring cultivated-wild hybrids populations have already been collected from sites throughout Central and South America and are stored in the CIAT genebank. We will characterise plants from twenty hybrid populations for priority breeding traits linked to climate change e.g. pest and disease resistance, and heat and drought tolerance. We will explore their genomes and provide all of this information to the bean breeding and research communities in an accessible way, to help users select the most suitable plants for their purpose. We will hold workshops and demonstrations to make sure that breeders and researchers are aware of this resource and understand how best to make use of it.By reducing the barriers to inclusion of wild plants into bean breeding programmes, we will help breeders to produce better beans in a shorter time, which will have a positive impact on global food security.