CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL PROCESSES IN VISUAL ADAPTATION

一盏灯的亮度和颜色取决于其他灯的外观 之前或同时。 这项研究将调查其机制 一种光可以通过它影响 另 该研究计划有两个相关的部分。 第一， 影响单眼呈现的光的颜色的视觉适应将 进一步调查。 先前的研究揭示了两种不同的 影响颜色感知的机制：受体敏感性变化和 色彩对立的“恢复效应”，往往抵消了 落在增量区域中的自适应场量子的影响 试验田 这项研究将调查空间，时间， 恢复效果的波长依赖性，并试图 将它们与影响阈值的色彩对立机制联系起来 侦测 研究计划的第二部分将研究 以及影响亮度和颜色感知的其他机制的位置。 关于适应对机制的影响， 受双眼信号的影响 将探讨这些机制 单倍镜实验;一种正式的方法， 将使用假设，因为从单倍镜不正确的推论 实验是常见的。 待检验的假设涉及以下因素的影响： 由于光线进入另一只眼睛而呈现给另一只眼睛的光线 眼睛 这些实验可以揭示中枢机制在视觉活动中的作用 适应 这项研究将评估由于各种机制的影响 对阈上亮度和颜色感知的适应。 因为 适应效应有时在亮度和颜色上更明显 感知比阈值检测，这项工作的结果可以导致 涉及用于评估场所的新的和改进的心理物理学方法， 导致视力异常的机制的性质。 的长期目标 这项研究是为了提供敏感和可靠的心理物理 眼科疾病的诊断技术。

The brightness and color of a physical light depend upon other lights seem before or at the same time. This research will investigate the mechanisms by which one light can affect the perceived color and brightness of another. The research program has two related parts. First, mechanisms of visual adaptation affecting the color of a monocularly presented light will be further investigated. Previous research has revealed two distinct mechanisms affect color perception: receptor sensitivity change and a chromatically opponent "restoring effect" that tends to counterbalance the influence of adapting-field quanta that fall in the area of the incremental test field. This research will investigate the spatial, temporal, and wavelength-dependent properties of the restoring effect, and attempt to relate them to chromatically opponent mechanisms that affect threshold detection. The second part of the research program will examine the nature and locus of other mechanisms affecting brightness and color perception. Relatively little is known about effects of adaptation on mechanisms influenced by signals from both eyes. These mechanisms will be explored with haploscopic experiments; a formal approach leading to specific hypotheses will be used since incorrect inferences from haploscopic experiments are common. The hypotheses to be tested concern the effect of light presented to one eye on the percept due to light entering the other eye. These experiments can reveal a role of central mechanisms in visual adaptation. This research will evaluate effects due to various mechanisms of adaptation on suprathreshold brightness and color perception. Because effects of adaptation sometimes are more obvious for brightness and color perception than for threshold detection, the results of this work can lead to new and improved psychophysical methods for evaluating the locus and nature of mechanisms resulting in abnormal vision. A long-term goal of this research is to provide sensitive and reliable psychophysical techniques for the diagnosis of eye disorders.