ACTIONS OF MAMMALIAN AMACRINE CELLS

这个项目的目标是了解神经递质释放的效果。 经鉴定的哺乳动物无长突细胞对视网膜的活动 神经节细胞。 已经发展出一组方法，其中完整的神经元 视网膜用荧光核酸染色进行标记。染色 使识别无长突细胞亚类或亚类的细胞体成为可能 荧光显微镜下的神经节细胞。然后神经元就会 在视觉控制下注射路西法黄色，填充 树枝状结构。完全染色的细胞的产量是一个数量级 比以往任何时候都要大。 将进行两种类型的实验。第一个是解剖学上的 目的：为此，染有染料的细胞将被注入荧光黄 在轻装上阵的整体坐骑中。一个无长突细胞将被注射，然后 第二个，附近的神经节或无长突细胞也将被注射。这个 细胞将根据它们的形状进行识别。在某些情况下 将通过以下方式识别已知的神经递质类别 注射的无长突细胞形态与文献报道的比较 免疫组织化学染色。我们会特别注意 含有生长抑素或P物质的无长突细胞。 将研究注射细胞对的树枝之间的关系 采用经典方法和计算机辅助重建。 第二个实验是生理学的，将研究活的视网膜。 体外培养。荧光染色和细胞注射的相同方法将是 使用。视网膜神经节细胞的活动将被记录 在细胞外。一个预先选定的无长突细胞将被 微吸管。无长突细胞对神经节细胞的作用 观察通窍对神经节细胞活动的影响 电流进入无长突细胞。录制后， 两个神经元的身份和树突几何形状将通过 路西法注射。

The goal of this project is to learn the effect of neurotransmitter release by identified mammalian amacrine cells on the activity of the retinal ganglion cells. A group of methods has been developed in which the neurons of intact retinas are labeled with fluorescent nucleic acid stains. The staining makes it possible to recognize the cell bodies of subclasses of amacrine or ganglion cell under a fluorescence microscope. The neurons are then injected under visual control with lucifer yellow, which fills the dendrites. The yield of completely stained cells is an order of magnitude greater than has been previously available. Two types of experiment will be carried out. The first is anatomical in purpose; for this, dye-stained cells will be injected with lucifer yellow in lightly fixed whole mounts. An amacrine cell will be injected, and then a second, nearby ganglion or amacrine cell will be injected as well. The cells will be identified on the basis of their shapes. In some cases identification with known neurotransmitter classes will be made, by comparison of the shape of the injected amacrine cell with published immunohistochemical staining. Special attention will be paid to the amacrine cells which contain somatostatin or substance P. The spatial relations between the dendrites of the injected cell pairs will be studied by classical methods and computer aided reconstruction. The second experiment is physiological, and will study living retinas in vitro. The same methods of fluorescent staining and cell injection will be used. The activity of a retinal ganglion cell will be recorded extracellularly. A preselected amacrine cell will be penetrated by micropipette. The action of the amacrine cell upon the ganglion cell will be learned by observing the effect on ganglion cell activity of passing electrical currents into the amacrine cell. After recording, the identities and dendritic geometries of both neurons will be confirmed by lucifer injection.