ACTIONS OF MAMMALIAN AMACRINE CELLS

这个项目的目标是了解神经递质释放的影响 通过鉴定哺乳动物无长突细胞对视网膜的活性， 神经节细胞 已经开发了一组方法，其中完整的神经元 视网膜用荧光核酸染色剂标记。 染色 使得识别无长突细胞亚类的细胞体成为可能， 荧光显微镜下观察神经节细胞。 然后， 在视觉控制下注射荧光黄，荧光黄填充了 树突 完全染色细胞的产量是一个数量级 比以前更大了。 将进行两种类型的实验。 第一个是解剖学上的， 目的;为此，将向染料染色的细胞注射荧光黄 在轻轻固定的整个坐骑。 一个无长突细胞将被注射，然后 也将注射第二个邻近的神经节或无长突细胞。 的 细胞将基于它们的形状被识别。 在一些情况下 将通过以下方式进行已知神经递质类别的鉴定： 注射的无长突细胞的形状与发表的 免疫组织化学染色。 将特别注意 无长突细胞含有生长抑素或P物质。 将研究注入细胞对的树突之间的关系 通过经典方法和计算机辅助重建。 第二个实验是生理学的，将研究活体视网膜， 体外 将使用相同的荧光染色和细胞注射方法。 采用 将记录视网膜神经节细胞的活动 在细胞外。 预先选定的无长突细胞将被 微量吸管 无长突细胞对神经节细胞的作用 通过观察传递对神经节细胞活性的影响来了解 电流进入无长突细胞。 录制后， 两个神经元的身份和树突几何形状将通过 荧光素注射液

The goal of this project is to learn the effect of neurotransmitter release by identified mammalian amacrine cells on the activity of the retinal ganglion cells. A group of methods has been developed in which the neurons of intact retinas are labeled with fluorescent nucleic acid stains. The staining makes it possible to recognize the cell bodies of subclasses of amacrine or ganglion cell under a fluorescence microscope. The neurons are then injected under visual control with lucifer yellow, which fills the dendrites. The yield of completely stained cells is an order of magnitude greater than has been previously available. Two types of experiment will be carried out. The first is anatomical in purpose; for this, dye-stained cells will be injected with lucifer yellow in lightly fixed whole mounts. An amacrine cell will be injected, and then a second, nearby ganglion or amacrine cell will be injected as well. The cells will be identified on the basis of their shapes. In some cases identification with known neurotransmitter classes will be made, by comparison of the shape of the injected amacrine cell with published immunohistochemical staining. Special attention will be paid to the amacrine cells which contain somatostatin or substance P. The spatial relations between the dendrites of the injected cell pairs will be studied by classical methods and computer aided reconstruction. The second experiment is physiological, and will study living retinas in vitro. The same methods of fluorescent staining and cell injection will be used. The activity of a retinal ganglion cell will be recorded extracellularly. A preselected amacrine cell will be penetrated by micropipette. The action of the amacrine cell upon the ganglion cell will be learned by observing the effect on ganglion cell activity of passing electrical currents into the amacrine cell. After recording, the identities and dendritic geometries of both neurons will be confirmed by lucifer injection.