EnAKTing the Unbounded Data Web: Challenges in Web Science

由EPSRC资助的先进知识技术跨学科研究合作项目（AKT IRC）在论文发表、资助、学生培训和国际影响方面取得了重大成功。评审小组在EPSRC用以评估项目成果的七项评审标准中，以34分（满分35分）评为优秀项目。本提案的目的是从AKT中获取一些最重要的结果，并组织下一阶段的研究。这反过来又将成为一个长期目标的前奏；网络科学作为一门学科的建立。我们正在与网络的发明者蒂姆·伯纳斯·李教授和麻省理工学院合作开展这项倡议。新的语义Web技术的发展（许多是在AKT IRC中开发和研究的）指向了新一代的Web功能，可以以上下文感知、集中的方式探索和查询、组装和集成内容。其基本思想是，我们从以文档为中心的Web视图转向以数据和信息为主要关注对象的视图。这些数据可能与人、科学结构、金融交易或任何可以在Web上表示的领域有关。随着数据网络的出现，有必要解决三个关键的研究问题；(1)如何快速构建能够利用大规模用户参与潜力的本体，(2)我们如何查询链接数据的无界网络，(3)如何可视化，探索，浏览和导航这些大量数据。建议在上述1-3个领域进行基础研究。这项基础研究通过两个应用领域得到支持；一个在公共部门信息领域，第二个在运输领域。应用领域将提供上下文，在其中收集现实需求，了解决定系统构建成功与否的社会方面，测试解决方案的充分性，并展示在追求研究目标中获得的结果的承诺。

The EPSRC funded Advanced Knowledge Technologies Interdisciplinary Research Collaboration (AKT IRC) has been a significant success in terms of papers published, grants awarded, students trained, and international impact. The Review Panel rated the project as outstanding scoring 34 out of a maximum possible 35 on the seven review criteria used to assess the results of projects by the EPSRC. The purpose of this proposal is to take some of the most important results from AKT and organise a next stage of research. This in turn will serve as a precursor to a longer-term ambition; the establishment of Web Science as a discipline. This initiative we are undertaking with the Web's inventor Professor Sir Tim Berners-Lee and MIT. The development of new Semantic Web technologies (many developed and researched in the AKT IRC) points to a new generation of Web capability that can explore and query, assemble and integrate content in a context-aware, focused fashion. The basic idea is that we move from a document centric view of the Web to one in which data and information are the principle objects of interest. This data may relate to people, scientific structures, financial transactions or any domain that can be represented on the Web. With the emergence of a Web of data it is essential to address three key research problems; (1) how to build ontologies quickly that are capable of exploiting the potential of large-scale user participation, (2) how we query an unbounded web of linked data, (3) how to visualise, explore, browse and navigate this mass of data.The proposal is to undertake fundamental research in the areas 1-3 identified above. This fundamental research is supported via two application domains; one in the area of public sector information, a second in the domain of transport. The application domains will provide the context in which to gather realistic requirements, understand the social aspects that determine the success or otherwise of the systems constructed, test the adequacy of solutions, and showcase the promise of the results obtained in pursuing the research objectives outlined.