VISUAL ANTICIPATION AND EXPECTATION IN EARLY INFANCY

这个应用程序探索预期和期望的发展 对于早期婴儿期的视觉事件。视觉注视被记录到索引中 期待和期待的存在。 有9个实验被提出，对象是2到4岁的人类婴儿 几个月大的孩子。这些实验按三个主要原则组织 每个类别有三个实验。第一，发展性问题 被问到：婴儿在多大年龄有能力发展预期 和/或对视觉事件的期望，是否逐月存在 这种能力的稳定性？接下来，我们问婴儿的特征是什么 我们使用的基本视觉序列的映射(例如，空间或时间)和 这些特征是如何表现的。最后，我们建议研究三个问题 使视觉序列复杂化的方法，为询问婴儿什么时候 能够掌握管理展开的各种级别的规则 一系列事件。 我们的方法使用红外角膜和视网膜反射视频记录 视觉注视序列。通过对婴儿视觉的分析 扫描记录和得出的眼动参数，我们得出推论 关于婴儿是否能预见到之前发生的事件 发生。或者，通过检查婴儿的反应潜伏期 可预测但未预料到的事件(与控制相比 条件)，我们可以确定婴儿是否已经形成了期望 对于那些活动。

This application explores the development of anticipation and expectation for visual events in early infancy. Visual fixations are recorded to index the presence of anticipation and expectation. Nine experiments are proposed with human infants who range from two to four months of age. These experiments are organized under three major rubrics with three experiments in each category. First, developmental questions are asked: At what age are babies capable of developing anticipations and/or expectations for visual events, and is there month-to-month stability in this capability? Next, we ask what features babies are mapping of the basic visual sequence we use (e.g., spatial or temporal) and how these features are represented. Finally, we propose to study three ways of complicating visual sequences to lay a base for asking when babies are capable of mastering various levels of rules that govern the unfolding of events. Our method employs infrared corneal- and retinal-reflection video recording of visual fixation sequences. Through analysis of the infant's visual scanning records and derived eye-movement parameters, we draw inferences about whether a baby can anticipate the occurrence of an event before it occurs. Alternatively, by examining the baby's latency to respond to predictable but nonanticipated events (in comparison to control conditions), we can determine whether the baby has developed an expectation for those events.