FERTILITY, EMPLOYMENT, AND CHILD CARE

本研究的目的是提供一个全面的 儿童保育需求、劳动力、 供应和有幼儿家庭的生育率。 到 为了实现这一目标，国家青年队 1982年至1986年的纵向调查（NLS-Y）将 被利用 NLS-Y可能包含了最全面的 在家庭一级提供的关于使用 有幼儿的家庭的儿童保育。 儿童保育数据 将与劳动力供应和生育率信息一起使用 从NLS-Y在同一个五年期间。 研究中要解决的一些重要问题包括 （1）儿童保育成本如何影响劳动力 幼儿母亲和其他家庭的供应决定 无论是在特定的时间，还是在特定的时间，？ (2)如何 儿童保育费用会影响生育时间吗？ (3)如何 儿童保育的费用影响儿童保育的质量， 市场和市场需求与非正式（非市场）需求 关心？ (4)儿童保育费用的决定因素是什么？ (5)儿童保育安排的稳定性如何， 儿童保育安排反映了对目前 周围环境的安排或变化 就业？ (6)无数可用的儿童保育 补贴影响生育、就业和育儿决定 哪些因素决定一个家庭是否选择接受 特殊补贴？ 这些问题的答案及相关 这些问题对于促进一个普遍的 了解家庭重要方面的决定因素 行为和理解可能的行为 政府政策的影响。 本报告将采用各种统计程序， 分析，以利用数据的面板特征。 这些包括 离散时间风险率模型、Tobit模型和Poisson模型 回归模型

The goal of the proposed research is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the interrelations among child care demand, labor supply, and fertility in families with young children. To accomplish this goal, the Youth cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey (NLS-Y) for the years 1982 through 1986 will be used. The NLS-Y contains perhaps the most comprehensive information available at the household level on utilization of child-care by families with young children. The child-care data will be used together with labor supply and fertility information from the NLS-Y over the same five-year period. Some of the important issues to be addressed in the study include the following: (1) How does the cost of child care affect labor supply decisions of mothers of young children and other family members, both at a given time and over time? (2) How does the cost of child care affect the timing of births? (3) How does the cost of child care affect the quality of child care purchased in the market and the demand for market versus informal (nonmarket) care? (4) What are the determinants of the cost of child care? (5) How stable are child-care arrangements and do changes in child-care arrangements reflect dissatisfaction with current arrangements or changes in the circumstances surrounding employment? (6) How does the myriad of available child-care subsidies affect fertility, employment, and child-care decisions and what factors determine whether a family chooses to receive a particular type of subsidy? Answers to these and related questions are important both for contributing to a general understanding of the determinants of crucial aspects of family behavior and for an understanding of the possible behavioral effects induced by government policies. A variety of statistical procedures will be employed in the analysis, to exploit the panel feature of the data. These include discrete time hazard rate models, tobit models, and Poisson regression models.