PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR PSYCHOSIS PREVENTION

建立在最近关于心理生理偏差的工作的基础上 青春期晚期，心理测量学定义的人群被认为是脆弱的 对于精神病的发展，该项目将调查认知 这些群体中的异常。 该项目的目标是(1)完善客观的心理生理学 识别易受伤害个人的选择标准；及(2) 评价一种关于信息处理异常的理论 这些人，准备发展认知导向 针对这些异常情况的预防性干预措施。 源自标准信息处理模型的认知任务将 由容易患精神病的受试者完成，以及 通过恶劣心境和非精神控制。已选择这些任务 尤其是涉及到情感和情感的预期加工 非情绪性刺激。广泛的心理生理测量 任务性能将显示易受攻击和控制之间的差异 受试者对情感刺激的处理。基于特定任务 信息处理模型，这些心理生理异常会 在易受伤害的个体中牵涉到特定的认知差异。 这些研究将加强对糖尿病的早期诊断和一级预防 精神障碍，通过加强相对未开发和 不发达的评估领域，用于识别易受伤害的 个人。心理生理学预测尤其有希望作为一种 作为传统筛查方法的补充，因为目前的心理生理学 功能可能更直接地利用生化异常，这些异常 疑似精神错乱。特别感兴趣的是已知的 两个易受伤害人群的心理生理差异 正在调查中。通过确定和提炼的认知基础 为这些差异量身定做的心理生理标记 可以设计预防性干预措施，以解决特定的 每个人口的困难和/或脆弱性。

Building on recent work on psychophysiological deviance in two late-adolescent, psychometrically defined populations believed vulnerable to developing psychosis, the project will investigate cognitive abnormalities in these groups. The goals of the project are (1) to refine objective psychophysiological selection criteria for identifying vulnerable individuals; and (2) to evaluate a theory of the information processing abnormalities manifested by these individuals, preparatory to developing cognitively oriented preventive interventions targeted at these abnormalities. Cognitive tasks derived from normative information processing models will be completed by subjects chosen for vulnerability to psychosis, as well as by dysthymic and non-psychiatric controls. These tasks are selected especially to involve anticipatory processing of affective and non-affective stimuli. Extensive psychophysiological measurement during task performance will demonstrate contrasts between vulnerable and control subjects' handling of affective stimuli. Based on task-specific information processing models, these psychophysiological abnormalities will implicate specific cognitive differences in the vulnerable individuals. These studies will enhance the early diagnosis and primary prevention of psychotic disorders, by strengthening a relatively untapped and underdeveloped domain of assessment for identifying vulnerable individuals. Psychophysiological predictors are especially promising as an adjunct to traditional screening methods, since current psychophysiological functioning may more directly tap the biochemical abnormalities which are suspected in psychosis. Of particular interest are known psychophysiological differences between the two vulnerable populations under investigation. By determining the cognitive basis of and refining psychophysiological markers for these differences, individually tailored preventive interventions can be designed which address the specific difficulties and/or vulnerabilities of each population.