Dipolar Quantum Magnets

该项目位于超冷原子领域，该领域基于1997年和2001年的诺贝尔奖，在全球范围内迅速发展。它旨在建立英国在偶极磁性方面的领导地位，这是该领域的一个新领域，连接到多个学科，包括自旋冰物理学，凝聚态物理学的热门话题，宏观纠缠，量子计算和精密磁传感器的主要兴趣，从基础物理到物理学，矿物勘探和气候变化等跨学科应用。原则上，偶极系统代表了世纪的物理学，当时讨论偶极相互作用来解释磁性是徒劳的。在世纪，量子物理学的泡利原理和海森堡磁性模型拯救了我们--将偶极相互作用推到了小扰动的状态。然而，正是量子机制，目前引发了人们对偶极系统的浓厚兴趣。偶极相互作用有望在超冷气体系统中提供长程相互作用，为研究多体效应、创建磁共振激发或执行量子门操作提供前所未有的可能性。该项目旨在通过关注磁相互作用，在竞争激烈的偶极量子气体领域探索新的途径，有效地建立新的研究领域。目标是了解偶极量子相位，偶极动力学，如爱因斯坦-德哈斯效应，并探索偶极相互作用，以创建一个对磁场具有终极敏感性的大量子自旋系统。它将直接受益于英国的20名研究人员和全球200名研究人员，并建立了与不同领域的合作关系，以最大限度地发挥影响力。

This project is located in the field of ultracold atoms, which based on the Nobel Prizes 1997 and 2001 is rapidly growing worldwide. It aims to establish UK leadership in dipolar magnetism, a novel area in this field connecting to several disciplines including spin-ice physics, a hot topic in condensed matter physics, macroscopic entanglement, of major interest to quantum computation and precision magnetic sensors with cross-disciplinary applications ranging from fundamental physics to geophysics, mineral exploration and climate change. In principle dipolar systems represent 19th century physics, when dipolar interactions were discussed in vain to explain magnetism. In the 20th century quantum physics with the Pauli principle and the Heisenberg model of magnetism came to the rescue - pushing dipolar interactions to the status of a small perturbation. However, it is exactly the quantum regime, which is currently triggering strong interest in dipolar systems. Dipolar interactions promise to provide long-range interactions in ultracold gas systems, opening unprecedented possibilities to study many-body effects, create magnetic monopole excitations or perform quantum gate operations. This project proposes to explore a new pathway in the highly competitive area of dipolar quantum gases by focusing on magnetic interactions, effectively establishing a new research area. The goal is to understand dipolar quantum phases, dipolar dynamics like the Einstein-de Haas effect and to explore dipolar interactions to create a system of large quantum spins with ultimate sensitivity to magnetic fields. It will directly benefit on the order of 20 researchers in the UK and 200 worldwide and has established collaborations linking to diverse fields in order to maximise impact.