EXERCISE ACTIVITY AND STRESS-RESISTANCE IN OLDER ADULTS

这项研究计划将研究适度的有氧运动是否 为老年人建立抗压能力提供了具体的好处， 成人（55 - 74岁）。 具体目标是确定（1）如果 习惯性体力活动调节情绪和身体健康 压力性生活事件的后果，（2）是否习惯性的身体 活动和年龄与心理生理变化有关 实验室应激源引起的，（3）如果一个单一的会议有氧 运动改变急性情绪和心理生理反应， 实验室应激源;（4）有氧运动训练 计划影响情绪健康和心理生理 反应性 提出了三项研究。研究1为前瞻性研究 192个主题 最大自行车测力计的体能评分 健康测试和压力生活经历的自我报告将被使用 预测情绪失调和身体健康困难超过一个 随后6个月。 健康和压力之间的相互作用， 这将证实，健身缓和的有害影响， 压力，是可以预测的。 研究2是一项调查， 心理生理功能 压力源将是 在实验室环境中向144名受试者施用， 自主神经功能测量和脑电图（EEG）测量 将检查皮质激活。 受试者将参加 静止循环或对照条件20分钟， 检查自主反应性和EEG测量的变化。 科目 健康水平高的人（在研究1中评估） 自主神经反应性更强。 一次会议 有氧运动有望改变情绪， EEG参数的变化。 研究3是一个实验比较， 有氧运动计划和柔韧性训练条件。 四十 受试者将在每种条件下参与16周。 依赖 情绪健康、身体健康、心理生理 分级运动试验期间的反应性和最大耗氧量 将被审查。 有氧训练条件预计将导致 更大的改善情绪健康和衰减自主神经 灵活性训练条件下的反应性。 总的来说，这些 研究直接测试使用有氧运动的效用 增强老年人的抗压能力。

This research program will examine whether moderate aerobic exercise provides specific benefits for building stress-resistance in older adults (ages 55 - 74). The specific aims are to determine (1) if habitual physical activity moderates the emotional and physical health consequences of stressful life events, (2) whether habitual physical activity and age are associated with the psychophysiological changes elicited by laboratory stressors, (3) if a single session of aerobic exercise alters acute mood and psychophysiological responsiveness to laboratory stressors, and (4) whether an aerobic exercise training program influences emotional well-being and psychophysiological reactivity. Three studies are proposed. Study 1 is a prospective study of 192 subjects. Fitness scores from a maximal bicycle ergometer fitness test and self-reports of stressful life experience will be used to predict emotional maladjustment and physical health difficulty over a subsequent 6-month period. Interactions between fitness and stress, which will confirm that fitness moderates the deleterious effects of stress, are predicted. Study 2 is an investigation of psychophysiological functioning. Challenging stressors will be administered in a laboratory setting to 144 subjects, and cardiovascular measures of autonomic functions and electroencephalogram (EEG) measures cortical activation will be examined. The subjects will participate in either a stationary cycling or a control condition for 20 minutes before changes in autonomic reactivity and EEG measures are examined. Subjects with high fitness levels (assessed in Study 1) are expected to show less autonomic reactivity than low-fit subjects. The single session of aerobic exercise is expected to alter mood and produce beneficial changes in EEG parameters. Study 3 is an experimental comparison of an aerobic exercise program and a flexibility training condition. Forty subjects will participate in each condition for 16 weeks. Dependent measures of emotional well-being, physical health, psychophysiological reactivity, and maximal oxygen consumption during a graded exercise test will be examined. The aerobic training condition is expected to lead to greater improvements in emotional well-being and attenuated autonomic reactivity than the flexibility training condition. Collectively, these studies directly test the utility of using aerobic exercise for enhancing stress-resistance in older adults.