Enantioselective Amine alpha-C-H Functionalisation via Copper/Chiral Anion Cooperative Catalysis

许多分子都具有一种被称为“手性”的特性。也就是说，它们可以以两种互为不可重叠镜像的形式存在——就像左手和右手一样。当一个分子具有这种性质时，它被称为“手性”，这两种镜像形式被称为“对映体”。许多重要的生物活性分子都具有这种性质，而且这种分子的数量正在不断增加。手性药物分子最重要的意义之一是对映体与人体的相互作用非常不同。例如，一种对映体可能引起有益的治疗反应，而另一种对映体可能完全无效，或者在更坏的情况下，导致危及生命的疾病。因此，至关重要的是，化学家能够以一种纯对映体形式制备手性分子（无论哪种形式），而不受另一种形式的污染。“胺”是一类含有氮元素的分子，它们及其衍生物代表了化学工业中一些最常用和最有价值的化合物。手性胺，即在含氮碳原子上显示手性的手性化合物，是化学工业中非常重要的分子，存在于许多关键的分子构建块和制药、农化和精细化工工业中广泛需要的最终目标化合物中。生物活性剂（例如药品和农用化学品）和精细化学品的持续发展需要合成手性胺的有效途径。此外，日益增加的环境压力要求采用“绿色”战略来取代过时和无效的方法。该研究提出了一种实现这一目标的新方法，最终通过基于协同催化歧管的直接、催化和清洁技术，前所未有地获得这些重要的合成成分。

Many molecules possess a property that can be called 'handedness'. That is, they can exist in two forms that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other - like left and right hands. When a molecule has this property, it is said to be 'chiral' and the two mirror image forms are termed 'enantiomers'. Many important bioactive molecules possess this property and the number of such molecules is constantly increasing. One of the most significant implications of chiral drug molecules is that enantiomers can interact very differently with the body. For example, one enantiomer may elicit a beneficial therapeutic response while the other may be completely inactive or, in the worse case, cause life-threatening illnesses. As such, it is crucial that chemists are able to prepare chiral molecules in one pure enantiomeric form (whichever is desired), without contamination by the other. 'Amines' are a class of molecules that contain the element nitrogen and these, and their derivatives, represent some of the most commonly used and highly valued compounds within the chemical industry. Chiral amines, i.e. chiral compounds that display handedness at the nitrogen-bearing carbon atom, are molecules of exceptional importance within the chemical industry, and are present within many of the key molecular building blocks and final target compounds widely required within the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and fine chemicals industries. The continued development of bioactive agents (for example, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals) and fine chemicals requires effective routes for the synthesis of chiral amines. Additionally, increasing environmental pressures dictate the requirement of "greener" strategies to replace out-dated and ineffective methods. The proposed research describes a novel approach to achieving this goal, ultimately leading to unprecedented access to these essential synthetic components using direct, catalytic, and clean technology based on a cooperative catalysis manifold.