PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND HEALTH AMONG THE OLDEST OLD

这项研究是一个试点项目，旨在解决一个研究不足的问题， NIA的优先事项：最年长的老人和影响他们的心理社会因素 他们的健康 具体而言，它侧重于社会的影响， 大学生的人格特征、生活压力源、社会支持和应对方式 这一目标人群身体健康问题的发展和过程 组 这些数据来自一项对480名50岁以上的女性进行的三波小组研究， 在1978年，1979年和1984年接受采访，他们是老年人的代表。 威斯康星州的麦迪逊的妇女。 拟议的研究将利用来自 277名妇女参加了1978年和1984年，重点是72名 1984年采访时年龄在75岁或以上的受访者。 第一步将是测试关键结构的措施。 分析将 确定结构的最佳指标以及 关键结构的不同措施。 第二步将发展心理社会因素和健康模式。 一系列 将对较小的模型进行测试，测试结果将用于 对更大的模型进行初步评估。 我们计划看看 老年人和（1）评估社会特征对健康的影响 （2）评估社会特征影响的中介因素 （3）评估生活压力影响的缓冲因素 健康状况，（4）重复选择的分析与年轻的老年人， 评估老年人的独特性。 第三步是纵向扩展模型。 我们将评估其影响 生活压力源、社会支持或应对方式对健康状况变化的影响。 我们 还将研究健康状况的变化和干预的影响， 急性健康事件、社会支持和应对技术， 健康问题 这项试点研究将产生我们打算 在未来的研究中使用的心理社会因素和老年人的健康。

The study is a pilot project addressing an understudied issue of high priority for NIA: the oldest old and the psychosocial factors affecting their health. Specifically, it focuses on the influence of social characteristics, life stressors, social supports and coping on the development and process of physical health problems among this target group. The data are from a three-wave panel study of 480 women aged 50 and over, interviewed in 1978, 1979, and 1984, who are representative of older women in Madison, Wisconsin. The proposed study will utilize data from the 277 women who participated in both 1978 and 1984, focusing on the 72 respondents who were age 75 or older at the time of the 1984 interview. Step one will be to test measures of key constructs. Analyses will identify the best indicators of the constructs and the relationships among different measures of key constructs. Step two will develop the psychosocial factors and health model. A series of smaller models will be tested, the results of which will be utilized to make preliminary assessments of a larger model. We plan to look at the old-old and (1) assess the effects of social characteristics on health status, (2) assess factors mediating the impact of social characteristics on health status, (3) assess factors buffering the impact of life stressors on health status, and (4) repeat selected analyses with the younger old to assess the uniqueness of the findings to the old-old. Step three will extend the model longitudinally. We will assess the impact of life stressors, social supports, or coping on health status changes. We will also examine changes in health status and the effects of intervening acute health events and social supports and coping techniques specific to health problems. This pilot study will generate measures and hypotheses which we intend to use in a future study of psychosocial factors and health among the old-old.