ROLE OF CELLULAR ORGANELLES IN OLFACTORY RECEPTION

最近的研究表明，持续的生理影响， 嗅觉受体的替代意义深远 大多数以前 发表的受体机制和编码的研究结果， 初级神经元需要重新评估。 现在看来， 两类受体神经元对化学物质的反应不同， 刺激，最近分化的神经元和成熟的神经元。 差异在于纤毛的膜和能力 产生尖峰信号的细胞 这些实验将决定 两种细胞类型的反应特性的差异以及它们如何 反应联合收割机在刺激诱发的电嗅觉图（EOG）和 上皮阻抗改变。 这些实验测量了对化学物质的反应， 刺激在上皮再生期间的不同阶段， 神经切断和坏死消融。 不断变化的比例 在此过程中不同的细胞类型允许确定 每个人对答案的贡献。 复杂EOG波的原因， 对于阻抗变化的两个独立分量， 单细胞尖峰的复杂类型从未被确定。 这些 实验验证了这一假设，即这些复杂的反应是由 不同细胞类型的同步活动。 离子机制 有助于EOG和阻抗变化将确定使用 离子置换在分离的受体器官。 离子的差异 在神经元成熟的不同阶段，动作电位的成分将 在组织切片制备物上使用离子置换进行探索。 试图 将在再生过程中阻止有丝分裂， 具有同质成熟状态的细胞。 这样的准备工作将 简化实验研究并阐明其解释。 嗅觉 受体在脊椎动物神经系统的神经元中是独特的， 他们的更新能力。 这项工作将进一步加深我们对 发生在这些细胞中的过程和机制， 嗅觉

Recent work has shown that the physiological implications of continual olfactory receptor replacement are profound. Most of the previously published results of studies of receptor mechanisms and of coding in the primary neurons will require reevaluation. It now appears that there are two classes of receptor neurons which respond differently to chemical stimulation, the recently differentiated neurons and the mature neurons. The differences reside in the membranes of the cilia and in the capacities of the cells for spike generation. These experiments will determine the differences in response properties of the two cell types and how their responses combine in the stimulus-evoked electro-olfactogram (EOG) and epithelium impedance change. The experiments measure responses to chemical stimulation at different stages during epithelial regeneration following nerve section and necrosis ablation. The changing proportions of the different cell types during this process allows determination of the contributions of each to the response. The reasons for complex EOG waves, for two independent components of the impedance change, and for simple and complex types of single-cell spikes have never been determined. These experiments test the hypothesis that these complex responses result from simultaneous activities in different cell types. The ionic mechanisms contributing to the EOG and the impedance change will be determined using ion replacement in the isolated receptor organ. Differences in ionic components of action potentials at different stages of neuron maturity will be explored using ion replacement on tissue slice preparations. An attempt will be made to block mitosis during regeneration to produce an epithelium with cells of homogeneous maturation state. Such a preparation would simplify experimental studies and clarify their interpretation. Olfactory receptors are unique among neurons of the vertebrate nervous system in their capacity for renewal. This work will further our knowledge of the processes which occur in these cells and the mechanisms which account for the olfactory sense.