MOOD RECALL AND CHANGES IN ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE

这项拟议的研究将考察情绪和回忆与 归因风格。关于人格、社会和文化的各种理论 临床心理学表明，认知在 决定情绪。有一套认知已经得到了特别的 注意是对因果归因的注意。例如，属性样式 已被证明与压力相互作用可以预测随后的抑郁 影响。然而，人们对归因风格的来源知之甚少。 试点工作表明，可以通过以下方式修改归因风格 受试者回忆不同的记忆，尽管记忆的效果不同 对于相对不烦躁的受试者和相对烦躁的受试者。为 没有烦躁不安的受试者，回忆过去的失败导致更少 回忆过去成功的导致抑郁的归因。治疗烦躁不安 另一方面，受试者回忆过去的失败会导致更多 导致抑郁的归因，尽管后一种影响并不显著 样本相对较少。这四项建议的研究将研究 此交互作用的边界条件。第一个将检查是否 焦虑症和非焦虑症受试者回忆事件的差异 产生了归因风格的差异。在这项研究中，原因是 受试者在作出归因判断前会处理哪些事件 将会有系统地变化。第二项研究将考察 归因风格变化对社会比较的影响。这 将通过让受试者对自己进行归因判断来实现 以及在不同召回条件下的其他。在第三项研究中，受试者 将回忆起人际或学术舞台上的事件，但 都会在这两种情况下做出归因判断。这将允许检查 归因风格变化的普遍性。最后，在第四节 学习，一些人会表现出更一般和其他的可能性 更具体的归因风格的变化将被考察。这将是 通过考察回忆对归因的不同影响来实现 具有或多或少自我复杂性的主题风格。

The proposed studies will examine the relationship of mood and recall to attributional style. A variety of theories in personality, social and clinical psychology have suggested that cognitions play a role in determining mood. One set of cognitions that has received particular attention is that of causal attributions. For instance, attributional styl has been shown to interact with stress to predict subsequent depressive affect. However, little is know about the sources of attributional style. Pilot work has suggested that attributional style can be modified by having subjects recall different memories, though the effect of memories differs for relatively nondysphoric versus relatively dysphoric subjects. For nondysphoric subjects, recalling past failures led to even less depressogenic attributions that recalling past successes. For dysphoric subjects, on the other hand, recalling past failures led to even more depressogenic attributions, though this latter effect was nonsignificant with a relatively small sample. The four proposed studies will examine the boundary conditions for this interaction. The first will examine whether differences in the events recalled by dysphoric and nondysphoric subjects produced the differences in attributional style. In this study, the causes of the events that subjects process prior to making attributional judgement will be varied systematically. The second study will examine the implications of changes in attributional style for social comparison. This will be done by having subjects make attributional judgments both for self and other under different recall conditions. In the third study, subjects will recall events from either the interpersonal or academic arenas, but will make attributional judgments in both. This will permit examination of the generality of changes in attributional style. Finally, in the fourth study, the possibility that some people will display more general and other more specific changes in attributional style will be examined. This will b done by examining the differential effects of recall on the attributional style of subjects with more or less self-complexity.