POPULATION GENETICS OF XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE EXPRESSION

人口遗传学的一个活跃研究领域涉及到假说 适应性进化变化反映了水平或 结构基因表达的时间比基因的变化更多 结构基因本身或其翻译产物。这 假说认为，基因所涉及的遗传要素的变异 监管将在进化和适应方面发挥更重要的作用 而不是结构性基因变异。这项提议将引发一场自然的 关于基因调控的群体遗传学研究要评估这一假说， 以果蝇玫瑰色-黄嘌呤脱氢酶系统为模型 黑猩猩。XDH活性变化的适应潜力是 通过对符合以下条件的文件的详细观察，可以看出 XDH活性不足或低，在某些环境下不能存活 条件。该项目旨在实现以下目标。第一, 通过对XDH进行荧光分析来确定表型的程度。 第二，这些菌株将接受火箭免疫电泳法 量化XDH分子数量上的差异。第三，这些 将通过连续的方法检测菌株的XDH型结构变异 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法。最后，由于这些行已经 已经被广泛地表征为周围的限制地点 结构基因正在测序，来自这项拟议研究的数据 将用于研究表型变异、XDH蛋白之间的关系 控制(调节)元件中的变异和DNA序列变异 而不是这种酶编码基因的结构元件。结果是 将有助于理解相关的表型效应 突变(由紫外线或高能辐射或化学诱变剂引起) 在人类群体中的调控序列与结构序列。

An active area of research in population genetics concerns the hypothesis that adaptive evolutionary changes reflect modifications in the level or timing of the expression of structural genes more than changes in the structural genes themselves or their translational products. This hypothesis suggests that variation of genetic elements involved in gene regulation would play a more significant role in evolution and adaptation than structural gene variation. This proposal will initiate a natural population genetics study on gene regulation to evaluate this hypothesis, using as a model the rosy-xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) system in Drosophila melanogaster. The adaptive potential of XDH activity variation is indicated by the well-documented observations of files that are either deficient or low in XDH activity not surviving under certain environmental conditions. The project is designed to accomplish the following. First, the extent of phenotypic by performing fluorometric assays for XDH. Second, these strains will be subjected to rocket immunoelectrophoresis to quantitate differences in the number of XDH molecules. Third, these strains will be assayed for XDH structural variation by sequential polyacrylamide gele electrophoresis. Finally, since these lines already have been characterized extensively for restriction sites around the structural gene are being sequenced, the data from this proposed research will be used to study relationships among phenotypic variation, XDH protein variation, and DNA sequence variation in the control (regulatory) element as opposed to structural element of this enzyme-coding gene. The results will contribute toward the understanding of the relative phenotypic effects of mutations (caused by UV or high energy irradiation or chemical mutagens) in regulatory versus structural sequences in human populations.