MANUAL PALPATION OF INTERVERTEBRAL MOTION

这项研究将为生物力学的研究奠定基础。 腰椎对脊椎手法触诊的反应。一种方法 将被提供用于在 脊椎运动的脊椎疗法评估。力传感器将会是 设计和测试的目的是测量手动过程中的指向力 腰椎运动的评估。在使用过程中的限制 人工评估将由重复性和可靠性决定 在志愿者身上使用两个训练有素的CHIRO- 实习考官。经过一段时间的培训后建立评级 一致性，检查人员将评估腰椎的限制 在三个运动平面中的每一个中运动(即横向弯曲、轴向弯曲 旋转和延伸)。评级等级将是5分等级， 0表示没有限制，4表示高度限制。手册 评估和武力将同时进行测量。 通过测量两者获得力-位移数据的可行性 椎间三维运动学和诱导所需的指向力 然后将测试被动运动。椎间运动学和 施加的力将在执行的同时测量 脊椎按摩手诊。将使用配对来测量3D运动 红外线感光光电运动感测相机 (WATSMART，Northern Digital，安大略省滑铁卢)。刚性集群 红外线发光二极管将分别连接到四个腰椎 椎体经2.0 mm不锈钢钉插入棘突 流程。该系统将以6度角测量脊椎运动 自由度(3个旋转和3个平移)，精度为0.5度 旋转和平移0.5 mm。

This study will form a basis for an investigation of the biomechanical responses of the lumbar spine to chiropractic manual palpation. A method will be provided for obtaining force-displacement data during a chiropractic assessment of vertebral motion. A force transducer will be designed and tested to measure the directed forces during a manual assessment of motion in the lumbar spine. The limits of its use during manual assessment will be determined by repeatability and reliability testing of the device on volunteer subjects using two trained chiro- practic examiners. After a training period to establish rating uniformity, the examiners will assess the lumbar spine for restrictions in motion in each of the 3 planes of motion (ie; lateral bending, axial rotation and extension). The rating scale will be a 5 point scale with 0 signifying no restriction to 4 signifying high restriction. The manual assessment and force will be simultaneously measured. The feasibility of obtaining force-displacement data by measuring both intervertebral 3-D kinematics and the directed forces necessary to induce passive motion will then be tested. Intervertebral kinematics and applied forces will be measured simultaneous to the performance of a chiropractic manual palpation. 3-D motion will be measured using a pair of infra-red light sensitive, opto-electronic motion sensing cameras (WATSMART, Northern Digital, Waterloo, Ontario). Rigid clusters of infra-red-light emitting diodes will be attached to each of four lumbar vertebra via 2.0 mm stainless steel pins inserted into the spinous processes. This system will measure vertebral motion with 6 degrees of freedom (3 rotations and 3 translations) with an accuracy of 0.5 degrees rotation and 0.5 mm translation.